A |
address |
|
A numerical identifier defined and used by a particular protocol and
associated software to distinguish one node from another.
|
address key |
|
address resolution |
address resolution |
|
In NS networks, the mapping of node names to IP addresses and the
mapping of IP addresses to subnet addresses. |
ASCII |
|
American National Standard Code for Information Interchange. A
character set using 7-bit code used for information interchange among data
processing and data communications systems. The American implementation of
International Alphabet No. 5. |
asynchronous |
|
Term used to describe a device's mode of operation whereby a sequence
of operations are executed irrespective of time coincidence with any event.
Devices that are directly accessible by people (for example, terminal
keyboards) operate in this manner. |
B |
binary mode |
|
Data transfer scheme in which no special character processing is
performed. All characters are considered to be data and are passed through
with no control actions being taken. |
bit |
|
Binary digit. A unit of information that designates one of two
possible states, which are represented by either 1 or 0.
|
bps |
|
Bits per second. The number of bits passing a point per second.
|
buffer |
|
A logical grouping of a system's memory resources used by NS 3000/XL.
|
byte |
|
A sequence of eight consecutive bits operated on as a unit.
|
C |
call |
|
In X.25, a call is an attempt to set up communication between two
DTEs using a virtual circuit. Also known as a virtual call.
|
call collision |
|
A conflict that occurs at a DTE/DCE interface when there is a
simultaneous attempt by the DTE and DCE to set up a call using the same
logical channel identifier. |
called address |
|
When a node sends out a call request packet, the packet contains the
address of the destination node. The address of the destination node is
the called address. |
calling address |
|
When a node receives an incoming call packet, the packet contains the
address of the sending node. The address of the sending node is the
calling address. |
CCITT |
|
Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy. An
international organization of communication carriers, especially
government telephone monopolies, responsible for developing
telecommunication standards by making recommendations. The emphasis is on
"recommendations"; no carrier is required to adhere to a CCITT
recommendation, although most do so in their own interests.
|
closed user group |
|
An X.25 user facility that allows communication to and from a
pre-specified group of users and no one else. |
compatibility mode |
|
Processing mode on HP 3000 Series 900 computers that allows
applications written for MPE V/E-based systems to be ported and run
without changes or recompilation. |
computer network |
|
A group of computer systems connected in such a way that they can
exchange information and share resources. |
CUG |
|
See closed user group. |
D |
D bit |
|
Delivery confirmation bit. Used in the X.25 protocol, the setting of
the D bit in DATA packets indicates whether delivery acknowledgment of the
packet is required from the local DCE or from the remote DTE. It therefore
allows the choice between local and end-to-end acknowledgment.
|
Datacommunications and Terminal Controller |
|
Transmitted data that is sent faster than the equipment on the
receiving end is capable of receiving it. The resulting overflow data is
lost. See also flow control. |
DCE |
|
Data circuit-terminating equipment. The interfacing equipment
required in order to interface to data terminal equipment (DTE) and its
transmission circuit. Synonyms: data communications equipment,
dataset. |
DTC |
|
Datacommunications and Terminal Controller. The DTC is a hardware
device, configured as a node on a LAN, that enables asynchronous devices
to access HP 3000 Series 900 computers. Terminals can either be directly
connected to the DTC, or they can be remotely connected through a Packet
Assembler Disassembler (PAD). The DTC can be configured with DTC/X.25
Network Access cards and DTC/X.25 Network Access software. A DTC/X.25 XL
Network Link consists of two software modules: the X.25 XL System Access
software (running on the host) and the DTC/X.25 Network Access software
(running on the DTC). |
DTC/X.25 Network Access |
|
The software that resides on the Datacommunications and Terminal
Controller (DTC). To configure access to an X.25 network, you must
configure two software components, the X.25 XL System Access (residing on
the HP 3000 host and configured through use of NMMGR software) and the
DTC/X.25 Network Access (configured on the OpenView Windows Workstation
through use of the OpenView DTC Manager software). |
DTC/X.25 XL Network Link |
|
Software and hardware that provides MPE XL access to private and
public X.25 networks. The X.25 XL System Access software resides on an
HP 3000 host and is configured through use of NMMGR. The DTC/X.25 Network
Access software resides on the Datacommunications and Terminal Controller
and is configured at the OpenView Windows Workstation.
|
DTC/X25 Network Access card |
|
This is the hardware card and channel adapter that provides X.25
Network Access. It resides in the Datacommunications and Terminal
Controller (DTC). |
DTE |
|
Data terminal equipment. Equipment that converts user information
into data-transmission signals or reconverts received data signals into
user information. Data terminal equipment operates in conjunction with
data circuit-terminating equipment. |
DTS |
|
Distributed Terminal Subsystem. This consists of all the
Datacommunications and Terminal Controllers (DTCs) on a LAN, their LANIC
cards (attached to the host), the LAN cable, and the host and DTC software
that controls all related DTS hardware. |
E |
environment |
|
A session that is established on a remote node. |
Ethernet |
|
A Local Area Network system that uses baseband transmission at 10
Mbps over coaxial cable. Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.
|
extended packet
sequence numbering |
|
One of the optional Network Subscribed Facilities that provides
packet sequence numbering using modulo 128. If not subscribed, modulo 8 is
used. |
F |
facility |
|
An optional service offered by a packet switching network's
administration and requested by the user either at the time of
subscription for network access or at the time a call is made. Also known
as user facility. |
facility set |
|
A facility set defines the various X.25 connection parameters and
X.25 facilities that can be negotiated for each virtual circuit on a
per-call basis. |
fast select |
|
An optional packet-switching network facility by which user data may
be transmitted as part of the control packets that establish and clear a
virtual connection. |
FCS |
|
Frame Check Sequence. A sequence of bits generated by X.25 at Level 2
that forms part of the frame and guarantees the integrity of its frame's
content. The FCS is also used by the IEEE802.3 protocol to check the
validity of frames. |
file equation |
|
Assignment statement used to associate a file with a specific device
or type of device during execution of a program. |
file number |
|
Unique number associated with a file when the file is opened. The
file number is returned in the FOPEN or HPFOPEN call used to open the file.
It can be used to access that file until the file is closed.
|
file specification |
|
The name and location of a file. The full specification for a file
includes the file name, group, and account. |
file system |
|
The part of the operating system that handles access to input/output
devices (including those connected through the DTC), data blocking,
buffering, data transfers, and deblocking. |
flow control |
|
A means of regulating the rate at which data transfer takes place
between devices to protect against data overruns. |
flow control negotiation |
|
One of the network subscribed facilities, selected at subscription
time; this facility allows the Flow Control parameter to be negotiated at
call set-up time, as opposed to having a predefined value.
|
formal file designator |
|
Name that can be used programmatically or in a file equation to refer
to a file. |
FOS |
|
Fundamental Operating System. The programs, utilities, and subsystems
supplied on the Master Installation Tape that form the basic core of the
MPE XL operating system. |
G |
Guided Configuration |
|
A method of configuring a node wherein a subset of the complete NMMGR
interface is presented and defaults of configurable values are used
automatically. |
H |
host computer |
|
The primary or controlling computer on a network. The computer on
which the network control software resides. For HP purposes, it may also
be used to distinguish the MPE XL system (host) from the DTC.
|
host-based network
management |
|
Method of managing asynchronous communications for HP 3000 Series 900
computers. All of the control software is configured on a single MPE XL
host and is downloaded to the DTCs that are managed by that host. With
host-based management, there is a permanent relationship between each DTC
and the host, and terminal users can access only the single MPE XL system
that owns the DTC their terminal is connected to. |
I |
idle device timeout |
|
Timeout defined by the Configure:CPU command. When the timer lapses,
a device connected to the DTC user interface that is still inactive will
be disconnected. |
IEEE 802.3 |
|
A standard for a broadcast local area network published by the
Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). This standard
is used for both the ThinLAN and ThickLAN implementations of the
LAN. |
INP |
|
Intelligent Network Processor. The card residing in the back of an
MPE V-based node that provides a point-to-point or X.25 interface.
|
internet communication |
|
Communication that occurs between networks. |
Internet Protocol |
|
A protocol used to provide routing between different local networks
in an internetwork, as well as among nodes in the same local network. The
Internet Protocol corresponds to Layer 3, the Network Layer, of the OSI
model. See also IP address. |
internetwork |
|
Two or more networks joined by gateways. |
intranet communication |
|
Communication that occurs between nodes in a single network.
|
intrinsic |
|
System routine accessible by user programs which provides an
interface to operating system resources and functions. Intrinsics perform
common tasks such as file access and device control. |
IP |
|
See Internet Protocol. |
IP address |
|
Internet Protocol address. An address used by the Internet Protocol
to perform internet routing. A complete IP address comprises a network
portion and a node portion. The network portion of the IP address
identifies a network, and the node portion identifies a node within the
network. |
ISO |
|
International Organization of Standards. An international federation
of national standards organizations involved in developing international
standards, including communication standards. |
L |
LANIC |
|
See Local Area Network Interface Controller. |
LANIC Self-Test |
|
A ROM-based program on a LANIC card that tests and reports the status
of the LANIC hardware. |
LAP-B |
|
Link Access Protocol - Balanced. The data link protocol specified by
the 1980 version of X.25 at Level 2 that determines the frame exchange
procedures. LAP-B must also be used over direct-connect NS Point-to-Point
3000/XL Links. |
ldev |
|
See logical device number. |
link name |
|
The name that represents a hardware interface card. The link name can
contain as many as eight characters. All characters except the first can
be alphanumeric; the first character must be alphabetic.
|
Local
Area Network Interface Controller (LANIC) |
|
A hardware card that fits into the backplane of the HP 3000 Series
900 computer and provides a physical layer interface for IEEE 802.3 local
area networks. |
local connection |
|
See direct connection. |
local node |
|
The computer that you are configuring or that you are logged on to.
|
logging |
|
The process of recording the usage of network resources. Events can
be logged to both the OpenView workstation and to the MPE XL host.
|
logging class |
|
A number defining the severity of any given event logged. An operator
uses the logging classes to specify which events are to be logged. Class
1 (catastrophic event) is always logged. |
logical device number (ldev) |
|
A value by which MPE XL recognizes a specific device.
|
loopback |
|
The routing of messages from a node back to itself.
|
LUG |
|
Local User Group. A list defined for a particular DTC and card that
specifies which remote nodes this DTC can send data to and also which
remote nodes this DTC can receive data from. (See also
Closed User Group). |
M |
M bit |
|
More data bit. Setting this bit in a DATA packet indicates that at
least one more DATA packet is required to complete a message of contiguous
data. |
modulo |
|
Value used as the counting cycle for determining the send sequence
number (N(S)) of frames sent across an X.25 network. |
MPE XL |
|
MultiProgramming Executive XL. The operating system of the HP 3000
Series 900 computers. The NS3000/XL network services operate in
conjunction with the MPE XL operating system. |
multiplexer |
|
MUX. A device that allows multiple communication links to use a
single channel. |
N |
native mode |
|
The run-time environment of MPE XL. In Native Mode, source code has
been compiled into the native instruction set of the HP 3000 Series 900
computer. |
NetIPC |
|
Network Interprocess Communication. Software that enables programs to
access network transport protocols. |
network |
|
A group of computers connected so that they can exchange information
and share resources. |
network address |
|
This can be either 1) the network portion of an IP address as opposed
to the node portion, or 2) when referring to X.25 networks, it is a node's
X.25 address. |
network boundary |
|
The logical division between networks in an internetwork.
|
network directory |
|
A file containing information required for one node to communicate
with other nodes in 1) an internetwork, 2) an X.25 network, or 3) a
network that contains non-HP nodes. The active network directory on a node
must be named NSDIR.NET.SYS. |
network interface (NI). |
|
The collective software that enables data communication between a
system and a network. A node possesses one or more network interfaces for
each of the networks to which it belongs. Network interface types are
LAN802.3, router (point-to-point), X.25, loopback, and gateway half. The
maximum number of supported NIs is 12, one of which is reserved for
loopback. |
network management |
|
The collective tasks required to design, install, configure, maintain,
and if necessary, change a network. |
Network Services |
|
NS. Software application products that can be used to access data,
initiate processes, and exchange information among nodes in the network.
The HP 3000/XL Network Services include RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT.
|
network subscribed facilities |
|
A set of parameters that the user chooses when he subscribes to the
X.25 network; they include Flow Control Negotiation, Use of D-bit,
Throughput Class Negotiation and Extended Packet Sequence Numbering.
|
NFT |
|
Network File Transfer. The network service that transfers disc files
between nodes on a network. |
NI |
|
See network interface. |
NMCONFIG.PUB.SYS |
|
A file that contains all the network configuration data for the
HP 3000 Series 900 computer on which it resides. It includes information
about the DTCs that can access the system as well as information about any
Network Service (NS) products running on the system. This is the only file
name allowed. |
NMDUMP |
|
A utility used to format log and trace files. |
NMMAINT |
|
A utility that lists the software module version numbers for all HP
AdvanceNet products, including NS 3000/XL. It detects missing or invalid
software modules. |
NMMGR |
|
ode Management Services Configuration Manager. A software subsystem
that enables you to configure DTC connectivity and network access
parameters for an HP 3000 Series 900 computer. |
NMMGRVER |
|
A conversion program called NMMGRVER.PUB.SYS. It converts
configuration files created with NMMGR from an earlier version to the
latest format. |
NMSAMP1.PUB.SYS |
|
Sample configuration file supplied with FOS that can be used as a
template for DTS configuration. |
node |
|
A computer that is part of a network. The DTC is also considered to
be a node and has its own address. |
node address |
|
The node portion of an IP address, which consists of a node portion
and a network portion. |
Node
Management Services Configuration Manager |
|
See NMMGR. |
node name |
|
A character string that uniquely identifies each system in a network
or internetwork. Each node name in a network or internetwork must be
unique; however, a single node can be identified by more than one node
name. |
NS 3000/XL |
|
A Hewlett-Packard data communication product that provides networking
capabilities for MPE XL based HP 3000 minicomputers. NS 3000/XL consists
of a link and network services. |
NS 3000/XL Link |
|
Software and hardware that provides the connection between nodes on a
network. Some of the NS 3000/XL links available are the ThinLAN 3000/XL
Link and its ThickLAN option, the DTC/X.25 XL Network Link, the NS
Point-to-Point 3000/XL Link, and the StarLAN 10 3000/XL link.
|
NS 3000/XL Network Services |
|
Software applications that can be used to access data, initiate
processes, and exchange information among nodes in a network. The services
are RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT. |
NSDIR.NET.SYS |
|
Name of the active network directory file. See also
network directory. |
O |
octet |
|
An eight-bit byte operated upon as an entity. |
OSI model |
|
Open Systems Interconnection model. A model of network architecture
devised by the International Standards Organization (ISO). The OSI model
defines seven layers of a network architecture, with each layer performing
specified functions. |
P |
packet |
|
A block of data whose maximum length is fixed. The unit of
information exchanged by X.25 at Level 3. There are DATA packets and
various control packets. A packet type is identified by the encoding of
its header. |
Packet Exchange Protocol |
|
PXP. A transport layer protocol used in NS3000/XL links to initially
establish communication between nodes when NetIPC socket registry is used.
|
packet-switched network name |
|
The name of a data communication network adhering to the CCITT X.25
recommendation. This can be a PDN or a private network, such as the HP
PPN. |
PAD (packet
assembler/disassembler) |
|
A device that converts asynchronous character streams into packets
that can be transmitted over a packet switching network (PSN).
|
PAD name |
|
A name of up to eight characters that is associated with a configured
PAD device. The PAD name is known to both the DTC (defined by the DTC
Manager) and the MPE XL systems (defined by NMMGR) that the device can
access. |
PAD profile |
|
Terminal or printer profile that specifies the configuration
characteristics for PAD-connected devices. |
PDN |
|
Public data network. A data communication network whose services are
available to any user willing to pay for them. Most PDNs use packet
switching techniques. |
port |
|
An outlet through which a device can be connected to a computer,
consisting of a physical connection point and controlling hardware,
controlling software, and configurable port characteristics. Ports can be
thought of as data paths through which a device communicates with the
computer. |
Precision Architecture |
|
The hardware design structure for the HP 3000 Series 900 computer
family. |
privileged mode |
|
A capability assigned to accounts, groups, or users allowing
unrestricted memory access, access to privileged CPU instructions, and the
ability to call privileged procedures. |
probe protocol |
|
An HP protocol used by NS 3000/XL IEEE 802.3 networks to obtain
information about other nodes on the network. |
probe proxy server |
|
A node on an IEEE 802.3 network that possesses a network directory. A
probe proxy server can provide a node with information about other nodes
on the same or other networks of an internetwork. |
profile |
|
A method of grouping device connection specifications and
characteristics so that the set of characteristics can be easily
associated with groups of like devices. See also printer profile, terminal
profile. |
programmatic device |
|
A device operating under control of a program running on a computer.
Programmatic devices can be used for input, output, or both, depending on
the device and how it is opened by the controlling program.
|
protocol |
|
A set of rules that enables two or more data processing entities to
exchange information. In networks, protocols are the rules and conventions
that govern each layer of network architecture. They define what functions
are to be performed and how messages are to be exchanged.
|
PSN |
|
Packet-Switching Network. Any data communication network using
packet-switching techniques wherein data is disassembled into packets at
a source interface and reassembled into a data stream at a destination
interface. A public PSN offers the service to any paying customer.
|
PVC |
|
Permanent Virtual Circuit. A permanent logical association between
two physically separate DTEs that does not require call set-up or clearing
procedures. |
PXP |
|
See Packet Exchange Protocol.
|
Q |
Q bit |
|
Qualified bit. When set in DATA packets the Q bit signifies that the
packet's user data is a control signal for the remote device, not a
message for its user. |
QuickVal |
|
A software program that tests whether Network Services are operating
correctly between nodes. |
R |
RDBA |
|
Remote Data Base Access. A network service that allows users to
access data bases on remote nodes. |
remote node |
|
A node on an internetwork other than the node you are currently using
or referring to. |
retransmission count (N2) |
|
The maximum number of times a frame will be retransmitted following
the expiration of the Retransmission Timer, T1. |
retransmission timer (T1) |
|
Length of time the transmitter will wait for an acknowledgment from
the destination address before attempting to retransmit the frame. When
choosing this value, factors like the line speed and maximum frame size
should be taken into account. |
RFA |
|
Remote File Access. A network service that allows users to access
file and devices on remote nodes. |
routing |
|
Routing refers to the process used to determine the path that packets,
or fragments of a message, take through a network to reach a destination
node. |
RPM |
|
Remote Process Management. A network service that allows a process to
programmatically initiate and terminate other processes throughout a
network from any node on the network. |
S |
security string |
|
An alphanumeric character string that functions as a password for
dial links. The security string is used by the Dial IP protocol.
|
SVC |
|
Switched Virtual Circuit. Path through an X.25 network that is
established at call set-up time. |
synchronous |
|
A mode of operation or transmission whereby a continuous data stream
is generated without intervals between characters. The data stream is
synchronized by clock signals at the receiver and transmitter. As a result,
fast transmission speeds (above 9600 bps) are attainable.
|
system configuration |
|
The way you tell MPE XL what peripheral I/O devices are attached to
the DTC and what parameters are required for system operation.
|
T |
TCP |
|
See Transmission Control Protocol
|
ThinLAN 3000/XL |
|
A LAN that conforms to the IEEE 802.3 Type 10 BASE 2 standard LAN.
|
throughput class |
|
A value assigned to a given virtual circuit that defines how many
network resources should be assigned to a given call. It is determined by
the access line speed, packet and window sizes, and the local network's
internal mechanisms. |
throughput class negotiation |
|
One of the Network Subscribed Facilities defined at subscription time.
This allows the user to negotiate the Throughput Class at call set-up time.
|
timer (T3) |
|
Length of time that a link can remain in an idle state. After the
expiration of the timer, the link is considered to be in a non-active,
non-operational state and is automatically reset. The value should be
chosen carefully. In particular, it must be sufficiently greater than the
Retransmission Timer (T1) so that there is no doubt about the link's state.
|
topology |
|
The physical arrangement of nodes in a network. Some common
topologies are bus, star, and ring. |
Transmission Control Protocol |
|
TCP. A network protocol that establishes and maintains connections
between nodes. TCP regulates the flow of data, breaks messages into
smaller fragments if necessary (and reassembles the fragments at the
destination), detects errors, and retransmits messages if errors have been
detected. |
transparent mode |
|
Data transfer scheme in which only a limited number of special
characters retain their meaning and are acted on by the system. All other
characters are considered to be data and are passed through with no
control actions being taken. |
transport, network |
|
Software that corresponds to layers 4 and 3 of the OSI network
architecture model. The function of this software is to send data out over
the appropriate communications link, to receive incoming data, and to
route incoming or outgoing data to the appropriate destination node.
|
U |
unacknowledged frame
number (K) |
|
The number of frames that can be transmitted without receiving an
acknowledgment from the destination address. When this number (K) frame is
reached, the same K frames are retransmitted. |
unedited mode |
|
See transparent mode.
|
V |
V-Series (V.##) CCITT |
|
A set of CCITT recommendations related to data communication over a
voice-grade telephone network. |
V.24 |
|
The CCITT recommendation that defines the function of the interchange
circuits between a DTE and a DCE. |
validation |
|
The process of ascertaining whether the network transport
configuration file has been correctly configured. This is accomplished by
using the NMMGR Validate Configuration File screen. |
VAN |
|
Value-Added Network. A data communication network that uses and pays
for facilities belonging to another carrier. The value-added package is
then sold to a user. |
VC |
|
See virtual circuit.
|
virtual circuit |
|
A logical association between two physically separate DTEs.
|
Virtual Terminal |
|
A network service that allows a user to establish interactive
sessions on a node. |
VPLUS |
|
Software used to generate screens such as those displayed by NMMGR.
|
VT |
|
See Virtual Terminal. |
W |
Workstation Configurator |
| <
td>A utility available on MPE XL systems that allows users to create
customized terminal and printer types by entering data through a series of
VPLUS screens.
X |
X.21 |
|
Defines the physical interface between a DTE and a DCE of a public
data network where the access to the network is made over synchronous
digital lines. |
X.25 |
|
Defines the interface between a DTE and a DCE for packet mode
operation on a Public Data Network (PDN). |
X.25 address |
|
The X.25 address provided by the network administration if you are
connected to a Public Data Network (PDN). |
X.25 address key |
|
An X.25 address key is a label that maps a node's IP address to its
X.25 address and its associated X.25 parameters. You have a combined
maximum of 1024 X.25 address keys in the SVC and PVC path tables.
|
X.25 LUG address |
|
X.25 address of a node belonging to a LUG. |
X.25 XL System Access |
|
he software that works in conjunction with the DTC/X.25 Network
Access software to provide MPE XL access to X.25. The software resides on
an HP 3000 host and is configured through use of NMMGR. To configure
access to an X.25 network, you must configure two software components, the
X.25 XL System Access and the DTC/X.25 Network Access (residing on the
Datacommunications and Terminal Controller and configured at the OpenView
Windows Workstation). Together, these two components provide a network
connection on HP 3000 systems to private and public X.25 packet-switched
networks PSNs). |
X.29 |
|
Defines the interface for data exchange between a packet-mode DTE and
a remote Packet Assembly/Disassembly (PAD) facility over a packet
switching network. |
X.3 |
|
Defines the user facilities that should be internationally available
from the packet assembler/disassembler (PAD) facility when this is offered
by a public data network. |
X.Series (X.##)
CCITT recommendations |
|
A set of recommendations for data communication networks governing
their services, facilities, and the operation of terminal equipment and
interfaces. |