A
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address | | An identifier defined and used by a particular protocol
and associated software to distinguish one node from another.
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address resolution | | In NS networks, the mapping of node names to IP
addresses and the mapping of IP addresses to subnet addresses. See
also probe protocol, ARP.
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alias | | A character string that is used as an alternate
name for a protocol or a node.
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ARP | | Address Resolution Protocol. ARP provides IP to
LAN station address resolution for Ethernet nodes on a LAN.
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ARPA | | Advanced Research Projects Agency.
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ARPANET | | The computer network of the Advanced Research Projects
Agency.
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ASCII | | American National Standard Code for Information
Interchange. A character set using 7-bit code used for information
interchange among data processing and data communications systems.
The American implementation of International Alphabet No. 5.
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B
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binary mode | | Data transfer scheme in which no special character
processing is performed. All characters are considered to be data
and are passed through with no control actions being taken.
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bind | | A system call that assigns a specific name and unique
address to a socket, turning a socket (which is one end-point of
the connection) into an actual file. Binding allows servers to register
well-known addresses with the system and each client to register
a specific address for itself. See also socket
and well-known addresses.
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bootp | | Internet Boot Protocol (BOOTP) used to start, or
boot, LAN devices such as routers, printers, X-terminals, and diskless
workstations.
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BOOTPTAB.NET.SYS | | The configuration file for the Bootstrap protocol
daemon, bootpd,
that contains client and relay information.
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C
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client | | A node on the internetwork that asks to use one
of the Internet Services on the host. For example, a Telnet client
is the process that uses Telnet protocol to establish a virtual
terminal on your system.
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D
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daemon | | A process that either waits for the occurrence of
an event or waits to perform some specificied task on a periodic
basis. Daemons are typically started once, on system startup, and
they frequently start other processes to handle service requests.
The Internet daemon inetd
is a good example of such a process.
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datagram | | A message consisting of content and
all of the information needed to deliver the content between one
system and another. Datagrams are sent using the User Datagram Protocol,
or UDP. See also UDP.
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datagram service | | A connectionless service that transmits messages,
or datagrams, from one system to another. Because datagrams are
transmitted without relying on a pre-established network connection
(hence the term connectionless), each
datagram must contain all the information required for its delivery.
The protocol associated with datagram service is UDP, or User Datagram
Protocol. See also datagram,
protocol, and UDP.
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DCE | | Data circuit-terminating equipment. The interfacing
equipment required in order to interface to data terminal equipment
(DTE) and its transmission circuit. Synonyms: data communications
equipment, dataset.
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domain name | | A name designated for a system in ARPANET standard
format. This name can be used by other nodes on the network to access
the host for which it is configured.
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DTC | | Datacommunications and Terminal Controller. The
DTC is a hardware device, configured as a node on a LAN, that enables
asynchronous devices to access HP 3000 Series 900 computers. Terminals
can either be directly connected to the DTC, or they can be remotely
connected through a Packet Assembler Disassembler (PAD). The DTC
can be configured with DTC/X.25 Network Access cards and DTC/X.25
Network Access software. A DTC/X.25 iX Network Link consists of
two software modules: the X.25 iX System Access software (running
on the host) and the DTC/X.25 Network Access software (running on
the DTC).
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DTC Telnet Access | | An HP product providing Telnet connections from
HP 9000 and non-HP systems running ARPA standard Telnet services
to the HP 3000. The solution includes a Telnet Access Card (TAC)
that resides in the DTC 72MX or DTC 48 and provides protocol
conversion between Telnet and Avesta Flow Control Protocol (AFCP).
Equivalent functionality is provided by a separate product, the
Telnet Express Box (TEB).
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DTE | | Data Terminal Equipment. Equipment that converts
user information into data transmission signals or reconverts received
data signals into user information. Data terminal equipment operations
in conjunction with data circuit-terminating equipment.
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E
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environment | | A session that is established on a remote node.
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Ethernet | | A Local Area Network system that uses baseband transmission
at 10 Mbps over coaxial cable. Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox
Corporation.
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F
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file equation | | An assignment statement that is used to associate
a file with a specific device or type of device during execution
of a program.
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flow control | | A means of regulating the rate at which data transfer
takes place between devices to protect against data overruns.
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FTP | | File Transfer Protocol. The Internet Services protocol
that facilitates the transfer of files between systems. Originally
developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
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H
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host computer | | A computer on which network communications software
resides, and which is currently providing a service to a requesting
client.
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HOSTS.NET.SYS | | The host name data base file which associates Internet
addresses with official host names and aliases.
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I
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IEEE 802.3 | | A standard for a broadcast local area network published
by the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
This standard is used for both the ThinLAN and ThickLAN implementations
of the Local Area Network (LAN).
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inetd | | The Internet server that allows one daemon to invoke
many servers, thus reducing load on the system. Normally started
at system boot time, only one inetd
can run at any given time.
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INETDCNF.NET.SYS | | The configuration file for the Internet daemon inetd,
which determines which installed Internet Services are available
to users.
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INETDSEC.NET.SYS | | The optional security file for inetd,
which lets you control access to individual services to specific
accounts, groups, or users.
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internet | | An aggregation of computer systems and other types
of computing equipment that share information according to a set
of defined communications protocols. Local networks, such as all
computer systems linked together within a company, are typically
linked to other local networks via the Internet. Or, individual
systems which are not part of a local network, such as a personal
computer or a standalone business computing system, can exchange
information via the Internet if they are equipped with the appropriate
communications software and hardware.
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Internet Protocol (IP). | | A set of rules used to route information between
different local networks in an internetwork, as well as among nodes
in the same local network. The internet protocol corresponds to
layer three, the network layer, of the OSI model. See
also IP address.
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IP | | See Internet Protocol.
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IP address | | Internet Protocol address. An address used by the
Internet Protocol to correctly route information. A complete IP
address comprises a network portion and a subnet portion to identify
a specific network, and a node portion to identify a node within
that network.
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L
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local host | | The host system you are currently working from.
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local node | | Same as host system.
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loopback | | The routing of messages from a node back to itself.
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N
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name space | | The set of possible names allowed in a given environment.
The POSIX name space, which follows hierarchical file system syntax
(i.e., \sys\pub\myfile)
is distinct from the MPE/iX name space, which follows MPE naming
rules (i.e., MYFILE.PUB.SYS).
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network address | | Either the network portion of an IP address (as
opposed to the node portion) or a node's X.25 address when referring
to X.25 networks.
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network directory | | A file containing information required for one node
to communicate with other nodes in 1) an internetwork, 2) an X.25 network,
or 3) a network that contains non-HP nodes. The active network directory
on a node must be named NSDIR.NET.SYS.
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Network Interface | | The collection of software that enables data communication
between a system and a network. A node possesses one or more network
interfaces for each of the networks to which it belongs. Examples
of network interfaces include Local Area Networks (LANs), point-to-point
(router), X.25, token ring, SNA, loopback, and gateway half. The
maximum number of supportable network interfaces is 12, one of which
is reserved for loopback.
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Network Services | | Software application products that can be used to
access data, initiate processes, and exchange information among
nodes in the network. The NS 3000/iX Network Services include
RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT.
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NI | | See Network Interface.
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NMCONFIG.PUB.SYS | | The file that contains all the network configuration
data for the HP 3000 Series 900 computer on which it resides.
It includes information about the clients that can access the system
as well as information about any Network Services (NS) products
running on the system. This is the only file name allowed.
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NMMAINT | | Node Management services MAINTenance utility. A
utility that lists the software module version numbers for all HP
AdvanceNet products, including NS 3000/iX. It detects missing
or invalid software modules.
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NMMGR | | Node Management Services Configuration Manager.
A software subsystem that enables you to configure network connectivity
and access parameters for an HP 3000 Series 900 computer.
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NMMGRVER | | Node management services conversion utility. A conversion
program that converts configuration files created with NMMGR from
an earlier version to the latest format.
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node | | A computer that is part of a network. The DTC, or
Datacommunications and Terminal Controller that enables asynchronous
devices to access the HP 3000, is also considered to be a node and
has its own address.
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node address | | The node portion of an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
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Node Management Services Configuration Manager | | See NMMGR.
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node name | | A character string that uniquely identifies each
system in a network or internetwork. Each node name in a network
or internetwork must be unique; however, a single node can be identified
by more than one node name.
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NS | | See Network Services.
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NS 3000/iX Link | | Software and hardware that provides the connection
between nodes on a network. Some of the NS 3000/iX links
available are the ThinLAN 3000/iX Link and its ThickLAN
option, the DTC/X.25 iX Network Link, and the NS Point-to-Point
3000/iX Link.
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NS 3000/iX Network Services | | Software applications that can be used to access
data, initiate processes, and exchange information among nodes in
a network. The services are RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT.
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NSDIR.NET.SYS | | The name of the active network directory file. See
also network directory.
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P
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packets | | Encapsulated messages transmitted across a network
or an internetwork.
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privileged mode | | A capability assigned to accounts, groups, or users
allowing unrestricted memory access, access to privileged CPU instructions,
and the ability to call privileged procedures.
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probe protocol | | An HP protocol used by NS 3000/iX IEEE
802.3 networks to get information about other nodes on the network.
It resolves names to IP addresses, and resolves IP addresses to
IEEE 802.3 addresses.
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process | | A single instance of a program that is being executed
by the operating system, also known as a task.
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protocol | | A set of rules that enables two or more data processing
entities to exchange information. In networks, protocols are the
rules and conventions that govern each layer of network architecture.
They define what functions are performed and how messages are exchanged.
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PROTOCOL.NET.SYS | | The protocols file, described above.
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protocols file | | A file that contains a list of protocols known to
the system, plus the identification number and one or more aliases
for each. See also protocol.
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R
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relay | | Using one node on an internetwork to pass information
through to another node or nodes. A relay entry in the bootpd
configuration file, for example, provides the information necessary
to forward, or relay, bootstrap protocol requests to one or more
bootp servers.
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remote host | | The host system from which you, as a client, are
requesting service.
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remote node | | A node on an internetwork other than the node you
are currently using or referring to.
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RESLVCNF.NET.SYS | | An initialization file for the domain name resolver.
It contains information needed by the network to determine how to
resolve a domain name to an IP address.
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RSLVSAMP.NET.SYS | | Sample initialization file for the domain name resolver.
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S
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server | | A node on a network or internetwork that provides
on-demand service to requesting clients.
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services file | | The file which associates official service names
and aliases with the port number and protocol the services use.
In the HFS name space, this file is /etc/services.
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SERVICES.NET.SYS | | The services name file, described above.
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socket | | A special kind of file that uniquely identifies
one end point of an Internetwork connection. A socket specifies
the protocol being used (for example TCP) the Internetwork
address (for example 192.44.244.7)
and the integer identifiying the process (for example 377). A socket
pair completely specifies the two processes that make up an Internetwork
connection.
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stream services | | A type of service that uses Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) to exchange information on an internetwork. Stream
services rely on an established, known connection between two systems,
client and host, similar to a leased or dedicated phone line between
two parties.
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stream socket | | A type of socket that is used to establish stream
services between two systems.
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subnet | | Another name for a network, especially if the network
is part of an internetwork. The word subnet is also a synonym for
intranet.
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subnet mask | | A grouping of bits that determines which bits of
the IP address will be used to define a subnetwork. The subnet mask
is configured using the NMMGR utility and specified in the same
format as an IP address.
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T
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TAC | | Telnet Access Card. A board within a DTC 48 or 72MX.
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TCP/IP | | Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
A set of rules that establishes and maintains connections between
nodes on an internetwork. TCP/IP regulates the flow of data, breaks
messages into smaller fragments if necessary (and reassembles the
fragments at the destination), detects errors, and retransmits messages
if errors have been detected.
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TEB | | Telnet Express Box. An HP product consisting of
a DTC dedicated to providing protocol conversion between Telnet
on TCP/IP and AFCP to allow incoming calls from the Internet Services
environment to HP 3000 systems.
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Telnet | | The application protocol offering virtual terminal
service in the Internet suite of protocols developed by the Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
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TELNET.ARPA.SYS | | A file that contains the Telnet client program.
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TELNTDOC.ARPA.SYS | | The readme file for the Telnet client program.
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TFTP | | Trivial File Transfer Protocol, TFTP, a set of rules
used to read and write files to or from a remote system.
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U
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UDP | | User Datagram Protocol, a set of rules used to send
connectionless messages called datagrams
between systems. UDP requires much less overhead than a protocol
such as TCP because it does not require acknowledgement from the
recipient that the message reached its destination.
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V
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Virtual Terminal | | A network service that allows a user to establish
interactive sessions on a node.
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W
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WAN | | Wide Area Network. A data communications network
of unlimited size, used for connecting localities, cities, and countries.
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well-known address | | The port number that identifies the specific user
process of an available and commonly-used Internet Service. For
example, the port number for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is
21.
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X
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X.25 | | Defines the interface between a DTE and a DCE for
packet mode operation on a public data network (PDN).
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