Description |
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The purpose of the goto
statement is to enable program control to jump to some other statement.
The destination statement is identified by a statement label, which
is just a name followed by a colon. The label must be in the same
function as the goto
statement that references it.
Few programming statements have produced as much debate as
the goto statement.
The goto statement
is necessary in more rudimentary programming languages, but its
use in high-level languages is generally frowned upon. Nevertheless,
most high-level languages, including C, contain a goto
statement for those rare situations where it can"t be avoided.
With deeply nested logic there are times when it is cleaner
and simpler to bail out with one goto
rather than backing out of the nested statements. The most common
and accepted use for a goto
is to handle an extraordinary error condition.
Example |
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The following example shows a goto
that can easily be avoided by using the while
loop, and also shows an illegal goto:
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/* Program name is "goto_example". This program finds the
* circumference and area of a circle when the user gives
* the circle"s radius.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#define PI 3.14159
int main(void)
{
float cir, radius, area;
char answer;
extern void something_different(void);
circles:
printf("Enter the circle"s radius: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);
cir = 2 * PI * radius;
area = PI * (radius * radius);
printf("The circle"s circumference is: %6.3f\n", cir);
printf("Its area is: %6.3f\n", area);
printf("\nAgain? y or n: ");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c", &answer);
if (answer == "y" || answer == "Y")
goto circles;
else {
printf("Do you want to try something different? ");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c", &answer);
if (answer == "y" || answer == "Y")
/* goto different; WRONG! This label is in */
/* another block. */
something_different();
} /* end else */
}
void something_different(void)
{
different:
printf("Hello. This is something different.\n");
} |
If you execute this program, you get the following output:
Enter the circle"s radius: 3.5
The circle"s circumference is: 21.991
Its area is: 38.484
Again? y or n: y
Enter the circle"s radius: 6.1
The circle"s circumference is: 38.327
Its area is: 116.899
Again? y or n: n
Do you want to try something different? y
Hello. This is something different. |
