HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
Working with Files You have learned to log on to your account, to look at your account or group, and to create text files. In this section, you will practice: * using HFS syntax * listing files * creating a directory * renaming files * identifying groups * copying files * releasing file security * deleting files For the following exercises, use the FILE1 file that you created in the previous section. Using HFS syntax When you log on to the system, you are in a group within an account such as YOURGRP.YOURACCT. Files you work with, such as FILE1, can be referred to as FILE1.YOURGRP.YOURACCT or file1.yourgrp.youracct. MPE syntax automatically converts lowercase letters to uppercase. With the advent of the hierarchical file system, you can also refer to a file using the HFS syntax. That same file can be referred to as /YOURACCT/YOURGRP/FILE1. It is the path to the file or the pathname.
NOTE To refer to an MPE file name using the HFS syntax, you must type the name using all capital letters; otherwise, the HFS syntax looks for the name using lowercase letters and won't locate it. HFS syntax does not convert lowercase letters to uppercase.
/YOURACCT/YOURGRP/FILE1 = FILE1.YOURGRP.YOURACCT The first / in the pathname refers to the level above the account and is called the root directory. It is used as a way to reference files on the system. See Figure 1-1 .Figure 1-1. Location of the File That You Created Figure 1-1 shows a picture of your file's location in the file system. YOURACCT is one level below the root directory. You logged on to YOURACCT and were placed into YOURGRP. Then you built a file called FILE1. Any other files that you have in YOURGRP are also located there with FILE1. Listing the file You can refer to a file using either the MPE or HFS syntax. Earlier you created a file called FILE1.
NOTE The use of the LISTFILE command in this section is intentional. The LISTFILE command does not recognize HFS syntax.
You can list the file with MPE syntax: :LISTFILE FILE1.YOURGRP.YOURACCT OR (using the exact capitalization shown) :LISTFILE /YOURACCT/YOURGRP/FILE1 Both display the same result: FILE1 Be careful! HFS syntax is case sensitive but MPE syntax is not. You can type the following command, using MPE syntax in lowercase, and locate uppercase FILE1 in YOURGRP in YOURACCT. Try it. :LISTFILE file1.yourgrp.youracct That's because MPE syntax upshifts everything. But because HFS syntax is case sensitive, the following command will not find FILE1 in YOURGRP in YOURACCT: __________________________________________________________________ | | | | | :LISTFILE /youracct/yourgrp/file1 | | A component of the pathname does not exist. (CIWARN 9053) | | | __________________________________________________________________ YOURACCT is not the same as youracct in HFS syntax. Creating a directory A directory is a work area similar to an MPE group where you can put related files. You can create directories in your group and account. You must precede file and directory names with ./ or / to use HFS syntax. Dot (.) means current working directory or where you are working within the file system. So ./ lets you use HFS syntax in your current working directory. :NEWDIR ./Directory1 This command creates Directory1 in your current working directory. HFS syntax accepts the name exactly as you type it in uppercase and lowercase, and the name can be up to 16 characters long when created directly under a group. Watch out! If you try to create the directory without including ./ before the name, MPE/iX treats the name as a regular MPE name. It converts the letters to all uppercase. Try typing the following command: __________________________________________________________________ | | | | | :NEWDIR Directory1 | | File name is more than eight characters long. (CIERR 532) | | | __________________________________________________________________ Also notice: If you type the following command, MPE/iX creates a directory called DIR2 (uppercase). That is because you are using MPE syntax. Try it. :NEWDIR dir2 In the next section, you'll learn how to list the directory. Figure 1-2 shows a picture of the file system including the directories that you just created.Figure 1-2. Location of the Directories That You Created To rename a file To rename the file called FILE1, enter: :RENAME FILE1, YOURFILE Return Notice the punctuation. The comma (,) is necessary to rename a file. Use the LISTFILE command to check that FILE1 has disappeared and that a file called YOURFILE has appeared. Enter: :LISTFILE Return Your screen should look like this: ________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | FILENAME | | | | | | | | YOURFILE | | | ________________________________________________________________________ To copy a file To copy a file, use the COPY command, specifying the name of the file that you want to copy and the name that you want the new, identical copy to have. To make a copy of YOURFILE, calling the new copy NEWFILE, do this: :COPY FROM=YOURFILE;TO=NEWFILE Return Now enter: :LISTFILE Return Your screen should look like this: ________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | FILENAME | | | | NEWFILE YOURFILE | | | ________________________________________________________________________ Here is what the parameters do: * From= tells the computer which file to copy from. This original, from which the copy is made, is called the source file. * To= tells the computer what to call the copy. This new file is called the target file or destination file. There is an easier way to use the COPY command. Try this now: :COPY NEWFILE,DOCFILE Return Use the LISTFILE command, and you should see the new file named DOCFILE on your screen. To release file security You may want to allow another user to copy your files. In order to do this, you must release your file to this person. This is called releasing a file. The RELEASE command removes the security provisions for a file. You can only release files that you have created. To remove the security provisions of the file YOURFILE, enter: :RELEASE YOURFILE Return This file is now ready to be copied to another account and group. To copy files from another group Once your files have been released, you can move these files to other groups. To copy a file from one group to another group: * You must know the qualified name of the file that you want to copy. This name is the file name with the group name, such as: YOURFILE.PUB or * The owner of the file you want to copy must release that file for you with the RELEASE command. or * Group security must be organized to allow you access to the group. Do this: :COPY YOURFILE.PUB, YOURFILE.OTHERGRP Return Then enter: :LISTFILE @.OTHERGRP Return You should see a copy of the YOURFILE file. To delete a file Make sure that you are in your home group PUB. The PURGE command erases a file. It erases one file at a time. If you want to erase five files, you now need to use the PURGE command five times. Delete the file called DOCFILE. Enter: :PURGE DOCFILE Return If you try to delete a file that does not exist, you get an error message. Try to delete the file QUIKSAND. What happens? Your screen should look like this: ________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | PURGE QUIKSAND | | | | FILE QUIKSAND.PUB.PRACTICE NOT FOUND, NO PURGE DONE. | | (CIWARN 383) | | : | | | ________________________________________________________________________
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