HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
Table of Contents
Micro Focus COBOL Language Reference
Micro Focus COBOL Language Reference : COPYRIGHT NOTICE
Ch 1. Introduction to the COBOL Language
The COBOL Language
Source Format
Fixed Format
Sequence Number
Indicator Area
Areas A and B
For MF and XOPEN only: Free Format
Ch 2. Concepts of the COBOL Language
Character Set
Language Structure
Separators
Character-strings
COBOL Words
Scope of Names (ANS85 only)
Conventions for Program-names (ANS85 only)
Conventions for Condition-names, Data-names, File-names, Record-names and
Conventions for Index-names (ANS85 only)
Literals
Nonnumeric Literals
Numeric Literals
Figurative Constant Values
Constant-Names (MF only)
Concatenation Expressions (MF and XOPEN only)
Definition of the Concatenation Operator
Definition of a Concatenation Expression
Concatenation Formation and Evaluation Rules
Special Registers (MF, OSVS and VSC2 only)
PICTURE Character-Strings
Comment-Entries
Formats and Rules
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Elements
Concept of Computer-independent Data Description
Concept of Levels
Level-Numbers
Example
Concepts of Classes of Data
Algebraic Signs
Standard Alignment Rules
Item Alignment for Increased Object-code Efficiency
Selection of Character Representation and Radix
DISPLAY Format
COMPUTATIONAL, COMP, BINARY (ANS85), COMPUTATIONAL-4 (MF) (OSVS) (VSC2) Format
Concepts of Classes of Data (Continued)
COMPUTATIONAL-1, COMPUTATIONAL-2, Format (MF, OSVS, VSC2 only)
For MF, OSVS, VSC2 and XOPEN only: COMPUTATIONAL-3 or PACKED-DECIMAL
For OSVS, VSC2, MF and XOPEN only: Example:
For MF only: COMPUTATIONAL-X, COMPUTATIONAL-5 Format
For MF and VSC2 only: POINTER Format
For MF and COB/370 only: PROCEDURE-POINTER Format
Uniqueness of Reference
Qualification
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Format 4 (MF)(XOPEN)
Concepts of Classes of Data (Cont.)
Subscripting
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Indexing
For ANS85 only: Function-identifier
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: Reference Modification
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Identifier
General Formats
Format 1 (ANS85 only)
Format 2
Concepts of Classes of Data (Continued)
Condition-Name
Explicit and Implicit Specifications
Explicit and Implicit Procedure Division References
Explicit and Implicit Transfers of Control
Explicit and Implicit Attributes
Explicit and Implicit Scope Terminators (ANS85)
Ch 3. Concepts of a COBOL Program
Program Structure
Program Defintion
Program Declaration
Optional Division, Section and Paragraph Headings
Identification Division
Organization
Structure
General Format
Environment Division
Organization
Structure
General Format
Data Division
General Description
Organization
Structure
General Format
Procedure Division
Organization
Structure
Execution
General Formats
PROCEDURE DIVISION Header
Format 1
Format 2 (MF)
Procedure Division Body
Format 1
Format 2
Statements and Sentences
Conditional Statement
Conditional Sentence
The COBOL System-Directing Statement
The COBOL System-Directing Sentence
Imperative Statement
Imperative Sentence
For ANS85 only: Delimited Scope Statements
Categories of Statements
Reference Format
Reference Format Representation
Sequence Numbers
Continuation of Lines
Blank Lines
Pseudo-text
Division, Section and Paragraph Formats
Division Header
Section Header
Paragraph Header, Paragraph-name and Paragraph
Data Division Entries
Declaratives
Comment Lines
For MF only: In-line Comment
Reserved Words
Ch 4. Program Definition
Introduction
A COBOL Source Program
Organization
Structure
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
All formats
For MF only: Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
For MF only: Format 2
For ANS85 only: Nested Source Programs
Syntax Rule
General Rules
For ANS85 only: END PROGRAM Header
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: Initial State of a Program
For ANS85 only: Characteristics of a Program in its Initial State
For MF only: CALL prototypes
Function
For ANS85 only: File Connector
For ANS85 only: Global Names and Local Names
For ANS85 only: External Objects and Internal Objects
Record Sequential Input/Output
Organization of Line and (MF) Record Sequential Files
For MF only: Line Sequential Input/Output
Access Mode
Relative Input-Output
Organization of Relative Files
Access Mode
Indexed Input-Output
Organization of Indexed Files
Access Mode
Ch 4. Identification Division
Organization
Structure
General Format
Syntax Rules
The PROGRAM-ID Paragraph and Nested Source Programs (ANS85)
Function
General Formats
Format 1
For ANS85 only: Format 2
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: Common Programs and Initial Programs
Sharing Data
For ANS85 only: Sharing File Connectors
The DATE-COMPILED Paragraph
Function
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For OSVS only: The REMARKS Paragraph
Ch 4. Environment Division
General Description
Configuration Section
General Format
The Source-Computer Paragraph
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The Object-Computer Paragraph
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The Special-Names Paragraph
Function
Examples:
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Configuration Section (Continued)
The Special-Names Paragraph (Continued)
General Rules (Continued)
Input-Output Section
The FILE-CONTROL Paragraph
Function
General Format
The FILE-CONTROL Entry
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential Files) (MF)(XOPEN)
Format 3 (Relative Files)
Format 4 (Indexed Files)
Format 5 (Sort-Merge Files)
Directives
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
For ANS85 only: Format 1 (Record Sequential Files only)
Formats 1 and 2 (Record and Line Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative Files)
Format 4 (Indexed Files)
Format 5 (Sort-Merge Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
For MF only: Formats 1, 3 and 4 (Record Sequential, Relative and Indexed files)
Configuration Section (Cont.)
Input-Output Section (Cont.)
General Rules (Cont.)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (Line Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative Files)
Format 4 (Indexed Files)
Format 5 (Sort-Merge Files)
The I-O-CONTROL Paragraph
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Ch 4. Data Division
General Description
File Section
Relationship with Sort-merge
Record Description Structure
The File Description - The Complete Entry Skeleton
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 4 (Sort-Merge Files)
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Formats 1, 2 and 3 (Record Sequential, Line Sequential, Relative
Format 4 (Sort-Merge Files)
General Rule
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Working-Storage Section
General Format
Noncontiguous Working-Storage (77-level-description-entry)
Working-Storage Records (record-description-entry)
Record Description Structure
Initial Values
For MF only: Local-Storage Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Linkage Section
Noncontiguous Linkage Storage
Linkage Records
Initial Values
Data Description
Complete Entry Skeleton
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
For MF only: Format 4
Syntax Rules
File Section (Continued)
Linkage Section (Continued)
General Rules
The BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The BLOCK CONTAINS Clause
Function
General Format
General Rule
The CODE-SET Clause
Function
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
The DATA RECORDS Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
The Data-Name or FILLER Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
The EXTERNAL Clause (ANS85)
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: The GLOBAL Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The JUSTIFIED Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The LABEL RECORDS Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
Level Number
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
File Section (Cont.)
Linage-Counter
The LINAGE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The OCCURS Clause
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The PICTURE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Alphabetic Data Rules
Numeric Data Rules
Alphanumeric Data Rules
Alphanumeric Edited Data Rules
Numeric Edited Data Rules
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: External Floating-point Data Items
File Section (Continued)
The PICTURE Clause (Continued)
Elementary Item Size
Symbols Used
Editing Rules
Simple Insertion Editing
Special Insertion Editing
Fixed Insertion Editing
Floating Insertion Editing
Zero Suppression Editing
Precedence Rules
The RECORD Clause
Function
General Formats
Format 1
For ANS85 only: Format 2
Format 3
Syntax Rules
Format 1
For ANS85 only: Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
For ANS85 only: Format 2
Format 3
File Section (Cont.)
For OSVS, MF and VSC2 only: The RECORDING MODE Clause
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (Line Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 3 (Relative and Indexed Files)
For MF only: Syntax Rules
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
For MF only: Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For OSVS, MF and VSC2 only: Formats 1 and 3 (Record Sequential, Relative
For MF only: Format 2
The REDEFINES Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The RENAMES Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The SIGN Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The SYNCHRONIZED Clause
Function
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The TYPEDEF Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
File Section (Continued)
The USAGE Clause
Function
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The VALUE Clause
Function
Examples:
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format3
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
For MF only: Format 3
General Rules
Formats 1 and 2
Data Description Entries Other than Condition-Names and Constant-Names
Condition-Name Rules (Format 2)
For MF only: Constant-Name Rules (Format 3)
File Section (Cont.)
The VALUE OF Clause
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (All Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (All Files)
Syntax Rules
Format 1 (All Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (All Files)
General Rules
Format 1 (All Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (All Files)
For MF and XOPEN only: Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The Screen Description - Complete Entry Skeleton
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The AUTO Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The BACKGROUND-COLOR Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The BELL Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The BLANK Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
File Section (Continued)
For MF and XOPEN only: The BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The BLINK Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The COLUMN Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The CONTROL Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The ERASE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The FOREGROUND-COLOR
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The FROM Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The FULL Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The GRID Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The HIGHLIGHT Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The JUSTIFIED Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The LEFTLINE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The LINE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
File Section (Cont.)
For MF and XOPEN only: The LOWLIGHT Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For MF only: The OCCURS Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The OVERLINE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The PICTURE Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The PROMPT Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The REQUIRED Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The REVERSE-VIDEO Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The SECURE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The SIGN Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The SIZE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The TO Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The UNDERLINE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF and XOPEN only: The USAGE Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The USING Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF and XOPEN only: The VALUE Clause in the Screen Section
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rule
For MF only: The ZERO-FILL Clause
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
Ch 4. Procedure Division
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
The PROCEDURE DIVISION Header
General Format
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
Directives
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
Arithmetic Expressions
Arithmetic Operators
Formation and Evaluation Rules
General Formats (Continued)
Numeric Expressions
Evaluation of Numeric Expressions
Conditional Expressions
Simple Conditions
Relation Condition
Comparison of Numeric Operands
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands
Comparisons Involving Index-Names and/or Index Data Items
For VSC2 and MF only: Comparisons Involving Data Items with
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For VSC2 and MF only: Comparisons Involving Data Items with USAGE PROCEDURE-POIN
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Class Condition
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Condition-Name Condition (Conditional Variable)
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Switch-Status Condition
General Format
Sign Condition
Complex Conditions
Negated Simple Condition
General Format
Combined and Negated Combined Condition
General Format
General Formats (Cont.)
Syntax Rules (Cont.)
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Abbreviated Combined Relation Conditions
General Format
Condition Evaluation Rules
Common Phrases
The ROUNDED Phrase
The ON SIZE ERROR Phrase and (NOT ON SIZE ERROR Phrase) (ANS85 only)
ON SIZE ERROR Phrase Not Specified
ON SIZE ERROR Phrase Specified
For ANS85 only: The NOT ON SIZE ERROR Phrase
The CORRESPONDING Phrase
Arithmetic Statements
Overlapping Operands
Multiple Results in Arithmetic Statements
Incompatible Data
Signed Receiving Items
General Formats (Continued)
File I/O Concepts
File Position Indicator
I/O Status
Status Key 1
Status Key 2
Successful Completion
AT END Condition with Unsuccessful Completion
INVALID KEY Condition with Unsuccessful Completion
Permanent Error Condition with Unsuccessful Completion
For ANS85 only: Logic Error Condition with Unsuccessful Completion
Run-Time System Error Message
The AT END Condition
The INVALID KEY Condition
Valid Combinations of Status Keys 1 And 2
For MF and XOPEN only: Sharing Files on Multi-user Systems
Exclusive
Shareable
Record Sequential Files
Line Sequential Files
Relative and Indexed Files
Record Locking
Single Record Lock
Manual Record Locking
Automatic Record Locking
Releasing Single Record Locks
Multiple Record Locks
Manual Record Locking
Automatic Record Locking
Releasing Multiple Record Locks
General Formats (Cont.)
For ANS85: Intrinsic Functions
Function-name
Function Definition and Returned Value
Function-identifier
Value Returned by a Function
Date Conversion Functions
Arguments
Example
Types of Functions
Definitions of Functions
For ANS85 only: The ACOS Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The ANNUITY Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The ASIN Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The ATAN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The CHAR Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The COS Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The CURRENT-DATE Function
Description
General Format
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The DATE-OF-INTEGER Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
General Formats (Continued)
For ANS85: Intrinsic Functions (Continued)
For ANS85 only: The DAY-OF-INTEGER Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The FACTORIAL Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The INTEGER Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The INTEGER-OF-DATE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The INTEGER-OF-DAY Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The INTEGER-PART Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The LENGTH Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The LOG Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The LOG10 Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The LOWER-CASE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MAX Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MEAN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MEDIAN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MIDRANGE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MIN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The MOD Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The NUMVAL Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The NUMVAL-C Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
General Formats (Cont.)
For ANS85: Intrinsic Functions (Cont.)
For ANS85 only: The ORD Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The ORD-MAX Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The ORD-MIN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The PRESENT-VALUE Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The RANDOM Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The RANGE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The REM Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The REVERSE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Value
For ANS85 only: The SIN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The SQRT Function
Description
General Format
Arguments
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The STANDARD-DEVIATION Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The SUM Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The TAN Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The UPPER-CASE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The VARIANCE Function
Description
General Format
Argument
Returned Values
For ANS85 only: The WHEN-COMPILED Function
Description
General Format
Returned Values
The ACCEPT Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
For MF only: Format
Format 4 (MF) (XOPEN)
Format 5 (MF)
Syntax Rules
Format 1
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: Format 2
For MF only: Format 3
For MF only: Format 4
For MF only: Formats 4 and 5
For MF only: Format 5
General Formats (Continued)
The ACCEPT Statement (Continued)
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
For MF only: Format 3
For MF only: Format 4
For MF only: Formats 4 and 5
For MF only: Format 5
Format 1 and 5
The ADD Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Syntax Rules
All Formats
General Rules
All Formats
The ALTER Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Cont.)
The CALL Statement
Function
Examples:
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Continued)
The CANCEL Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The CHAIN Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The CLOSE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential - MF only), (Relative and Indexed Files - ANS85 only)
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
All Formats (All Files)
For MF only: The COMMIT Statement
Function
General Format
General Rules
The COMPUTE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Cont.)
For ANS85 only: The CONTINUE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
The DELETE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The DELETE FILE Statement
Function
General Format
General Rules
The DISPLAY Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2 (MF)
For MF only: Format 3
Syntax Rules
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
For MF only: Formats 2 and 3
For MF only: Format 3
General Rules
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
For MF only: Format 2 and 3
For MF only: Format 3
The DIVIDE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Format 4
Format 5
Syntax Rules
All Formats
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Formats 4 and 5
General Formats (Continued)
The ENTER Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For OSVS, VSC2, and MF only: The ENTRY Statement
Function
General Format
Format 1
Format 2
Directives
Syntax Rules
All Formats
General Rules
All Formats
For ANS85 only: The EVALUATE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For OSVS only: The EXAMINE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
All Formats
General Rules
All Formats
For MF only: The EXEC(UTE) Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For OSVS and MF only: The EXHIBIT Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Cont.)
The EXIT Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2 (MF)
Format 3 (MF)
Format 4
Syntax Rules
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
Format 4
General Rules
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
For MF only: Format 3
For ANS85 only: Format 4
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: The GOBACK Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The GO TO Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
The IF Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: The INITIALIZE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Continued)
The INSPECT Statement
Function
Examples:
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
For ANS85 only: Format 4
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Formats 1 and 3
Formats 2 and 3
For ANS85 only: Format 4
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Formats 1 and 2
Format 2
Format 3
For ANS85 only: Format 4
The MERGE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Cont.)
The MOVE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Directives
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 2
The MULTIPLY Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
All Formats
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
For MF only: The NEXT SENTENCE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For OSVS only: The NOTE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
For OSVS only: The ON Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Continued)
The OPEN Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential,- MF only) Relative And Indexed Files)
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential,- MF only) Relative and Indexed Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 2 (Line Sequential Files)
Formats 1 and 2 (Record ,( Line - MF only)) Sequential,
The PERFORM Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Format 4
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Formats 2 and 4
Formats 3 and 4
Format 4
General Formats (Cont.)
The PERFORM Statement (Cont.)
General Rules
All Formats
Format 4
General Formats (Continued)
The READ Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 2 (Line Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative And Indexed Files)
Format 4 (Relative Files)
Format 5 (Indexed Files)
Directives and Run-time Switches
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Formats 1, 3, 4 and 5 (Record Sequential, Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 3 (Relative and Indexed Files)
For MF only: Formats 3, 4 and 5 (Relative And Indexed Files)
Formats 4 and 5 (Relative And Indexed Files)
Format 5 (Indexed Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
Formats 1, 2 and 3 (Sequential, Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 3 (Relative and Indexed Files)
For MF only: Formats 1, 3, 4 and 5 (Sequential, Relative
Format 3 (Relative Files)
Format 4 (Relative Files)
For MF only: Formats 3 and 5 (Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 3 (Indexed Files)
Format 5 (Indexed Files)
General Formats (Cont.)
The RELEASE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The RETURN Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The REWRITE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Line Sequential Files) (MF)
Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative and Indexed Files)
Directives and Run-time Switches
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 3 (Relative And Indexed Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Formats 1 and 2 (Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 1 (Line Sequential Files)
Format 3 (Relative And Indexed Files)
Format 3 (Relative Files)
Format 3 (Indexed Files)
The ROLLBACK Statement
Function
General Format
General Rules
The SEARCH Statement
Function
General Format
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1
Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
General Formats (Continued)
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The SERVICE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The SET Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (ANS85)
Format 2 (ANS85)
Format 3 (VSC2) (MF)
Format 4 (MF)
Format 5
Format 6
Format 7 (MF)
Directives
Syntax Rules
All Formats
For ANS85 only: Format 1
Format 2
For VSC2 and MF only: Format 3
For MF only: Format 4
Format 5
Formats 5 and 6
Format 6
For MF only: Format 7
General Rules
For ANS85 only: Format 1
For ANS85 only: Format 2
For VSC2 and MF only: Format 3
For MF only: Format 4
Format 5
Formats 5 and 6
Format 6
For MF only: Format 7
The SORT Statement
Function
Examples:
General Formats
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
Directives
General Formats (Cont.)
The SORT Statement (Cont.)
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
For MF only: Format 2
The START Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Relative Files)
Format 2 (Indexed Files)
Syntax Rules
All Formats (Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 1 (Relative Files)
Format 2 (Indexed Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Relative Files)
Format 2 (Indexed Files)
General Formats (Continued)
The STOP Statement
Function
General Format
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
Format 1
Formats 1 and 2
General Rules
The STRING Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
The SUBTRACT Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Syntax Rules
All Formats
Formats 1 and 2
Format 3
General Rules
All Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
For OSVS only: The TRANSFORM Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: The UNLOCK Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
The UNSTRING Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Formats (Cont.)
The USE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 (Sequential , Relative and Indexed Files)
For OSVS and VSC2 only: Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
For OSVS and VSC2 only: Format 3 (Relative And Indexed Files)
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Sequential, Relative and Indexed Files)
For OSVS and VSC2 only: Formats 2 and 3 (Record Sequential, Relative
For OSVS and VSC2 only: Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Sequential, Relative and Indexed Files)
For OSVS and VSC2 only: Formats 2 and 3 (Record Sequential, Relative
The WRITE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1 and Line Sequential Files)
For OSVS only: Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
For OSVS, MF and VSC2 only: Format 3 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 4 (Relative and Indexed Files)
Directives and Run-time Switches
Syntax Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For OSVS only: Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 4 (Relative And Indexed Files)
General Rules
All Formats (All Files)
Format 1 (Record Sequential Files)
For MF only: Format 1 (Line Sequential Files)
Format 1 (Record and Line Sequential Files)
Formats 1, 2, and 3 (Sequential Files)
For OSVS only: Format 2 (Record Sequential Files)
For OSVS, VSC2, and MF only: Format 3 (Record Sequential Files)
Format 4 (Relative and Indexed Files)
Format 4 (Relative Files)
Format 4 (Indexed Files)
Ch 5. Compiler-Directing Statements
The Library Module
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The BASIS Mechanism
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The ++INCLUDE and -INC Mechanisms
For MF only: Conditional Compilation
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: The Listing Control Statements
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The BASIS Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Notes on Basis Mechanism Statements
The COPY Statement
Function
Examples:
General Format
Directives
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The DELETE Statement - Basis Control
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For MF only: $DISPLAY Statement with Conditional Compilation
Function
General Format
General Rule
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: The EJECT Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rule
For MF only: $ELSE Statement with Conditional Compilation
Function
General Format
General Rule
For MF only: $END Statement with Conditional Compilation
Function
General Format
General Rule
For MF only: $IF Statement with Conditional Compilation
Function
Examples:
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
General Rules
General Notes on all Conditional Compilation Statements
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The -INC Statement
Function
General Format
Directives and Run-time Switches
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The ++INCLUDE Statement
Function
General Format
Directives and Run-time Switches
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For OSVS and VSC2 only: The INSERT Statement - Basis Control
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For ANS85 only: The REPLACE Statement
Function
General Formats
Format 1
Format 2
Syntax Rules
General Rules
For OSVS, VSC2 and MF only: The SKIP1, SKIP2 and SKIP3 Statements
Function
General Format
Syntax Rule
General Rules
For VSC2 and MF only: The TITLE Statement
Function
General Format
Syntax Rules
General Rules
Ap A. Syntax Summary for COBOL Standard Features
General Format for Identification Division
General Format for Environment Division
General Format for File-Control Entry
Record Sequential Files
Line Sequential Files (MF)(XOPEN)
Relative Files
Indexed Files
Sort-Merge Files
General Format for Data Division
General Format for File Description Entry
Record Sequential Files
Line Sequential Files
Relative and Indexed Files
Sort-Merge Files
Report File
General Format for Data Description Entry
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
Format 4 (MF)
General Format for Communication Description Entry
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3 (ANS85)
General Format for Report Description Entry
General Format for Report Group Description Entry
Format 1
Format 2
Format 3
General Format for Screen Description Entry
General Format for Intrinsic Functions (ANS85)
General Format for Procedure Division
Declarative Format
Non-Declarative Format
Systems Programming Extension Format
General Format for Verbs
General Format for COPY Statement
General Format for REPLACE Statement (ANS85)
General Format for Conditions
Relation Condition
Class Condition
Sign Condition
Condition-Name-Condition
Switch-Status Condition
Negated Simple Condition
Combined Condition
Abbreviated Combined Relation Condition
For MF and VSC2 only: Pointer Condition
Miscellaneous Formats
Qualifications
Format1
Format 2
Format 3
Format 4
Format 5
Format 6
For MF and XOPEN only: Format 7
Subscripting and Indexing
For ANS85 only: Function-Identifier
Identifier
For ANS85 only: Format1
Format 2
For ANS85 only: Reference Modification
Ap B. Character Sets and Collating Sequences
Character Sets and Collating Sequences (Continued)
Ap C. File Status
ANSI File Status Summary
ANSI'74 File Status Codes
ANSI'85 File Status Codes
Ap D. Reserved Words
Introduction
Key
MF Compatibility directive:
A
B
C
D
Introduction (Continued)
MF Compatibility directive: (Continued)
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
Introduction (Cont.)
MF Compatibility directive: (Cont.)
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Z
Ap E. Glossary
Glossary (Continued)
Glossary (Cont.)
INDEX
Index