HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
Glossary (M-Z) maintenance mode An NMMGR character mode interface used to manage both network directory and configuration files. It can be used interactively, from within the screen mode interface, or as a set of commands entered via a batch job. map, network A drawing that shows the topology of the network. For networks managed by the OpenView DTC Manager, a network map must be created through use of the OVDraw capability provided with the management software. A network map is also a hardcopy drawing used when planning a network. It shows network topology, node and network names, addresses, network boundaries (for an internetwork map), and link types. mapping A set of characteristics that describe a route taken by messages to reach a destination node. This set of characteristics is configured with NMMGR at every node on a point-to-point network. One mapping is configured at each node for every other node on the network to which messages will be sent. MAU See medium attachment unit. M bit More data bit. Setting this bit in a DATA packet indicates that at least one more DATA packet is required to complete a message of contiguous data. medium attachment unit A device attached to a ThickLAN coaxial cable that provides the physical and electrical connection from the AUI cable to the coaxial cable. MIB Management Information Base. A database of information about a network node used by SNMP. MIT Master Installation Tape. Magnetic tape containing the fundamental operating system for a HP 3000 Series 900 computer. modem Modulator/demodulator. A device that modulates and demodulates signals. Primarily used for modulating digital signals onto carriers for transmission and for performing the inverse function at the receiving end. Modems are essential for transmitting and receiving digital signals over telephone lines. modulo Value used as the counting cycle for determining the send sequence number (N(S)) of frames sent across an X.25 network. modulation Process in which certain characteristics of a carrier signal are altered in accordance with the changes of an information-bearing signal. MPE/iX MultiProgramming Executive/ integrated POSIX. The operating system of HP 3000 Series 900 computers. The NS3000/iX network services operate in conjunction with the MPE/iX operating system. multiplexer A device that allows multiple communication links to use a single channel. nailed device A device with a permanently associated ldev that was assigned through the NMMGR configuration of the host system on which the association is established. Nailed devices can be accessed programmatically through their ldev number. In contrast, non-nailed devices have ldev numbers that are assigned from a pool of available ldev numbers for the life of their connection to a system. native mode The run-time environment of MPE/iX. In Native Mode, source code has been compiled into the native instruction set of the HP 3000 Series 900 computer. neighbor gateway A gateway that is in the same network as a given node. NetIPC Network Interprocess Communication. Software that enables programs to access network transport protocols network A group of computers connected so that they can exchange information and share resources. network address This can be either 1) the network portion of an IP address as opposed to the node portion, or 2) when referring to X.25 networks, it is a node's X.25 address. network boundary The logical division between networks in an internetwork. network directory A file containing information required for one node to communicate with other nodes in 1) an internetwork, 2) an X.25 network, or 3) a network that contains non-HP nodes. The active network directory on a node must be named NSDIR.NET.SYS. network interface NI. The collective software that enables data communication between a system and a network. A node possesses one or more network interfaces for each of the networks to which it belongs. Network interface types are LAN, point-to-point (router), X.25, token ring, SNA, loopback, and gateway half. The maximum number of supported NIs is 12, one of which is reserved for loopback. network management The collective tasks required to design, install, configure, maintain, and if necessary, change a network. network map A drawing that shows the topology of the network. For networks managed by the OpenView DTC Manager, a network map must be created using the OVDraw capability provided with the management software. A network map is also a hardcopy drawing used when planning a network. It shows network topology, node and network names, addresses, network boundaries (for an internetwork map), and link types. Network Services NS. Software application products that can be used to access data, initiate processes, and exchange information among nodes in the network. The NS3000/iX Network Services include RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT. network subscribed facilities A set of parameters that the user chooses when he subscribes to the X.25 network; they include flow control negotiation, use of D-bit, throughput class negotiation and extended packet sequence numbering. network transport Software that corresponds to layers 4 and 3 of the OSI network architecture model. The function of this software is to send data out over the appropriate communications link, to receive incoming data, and to route incoming or outgoing data to the appropriate destination node. NFT Network File Transfer. The network service that transfers disk files between nodes on a network. NI See network interface. NMCBACK.PUB.SYS The default file name for the file that contains a copy of the information contained in the configuration file (NMCONFIG.PUB.SYS). The backup file is updated each time the configuration file is successfully validated. NMCONFIG.PUB.SYS A file that contains all the network configuration data for the HP 3000 Series 900 computer on which it resides. It includes information about the DTCs that can access the system as well as information about any Network Services (NS) products running on the system. This is the only file name allowed. NMDUMP Node management services trace/log file analyzer. A utility used to format log and trace files. NMMAINT Node management services maintenance utility. A utility that lists the software module version numbers for all HP AdvanceNet products, including NS3000/iX. It detects missing or invalid software modules. NMMGR Node management services configuration manager. A software subsystem that enables you to configure DTC connectivity and network access parameters for a HP 3000 Series 900 computer. NMMGRVER Node management services conversion utility. A conversion program that converts configuration files created with NMMGR from an earlier version to the latest format. NMSAMP1.PUB.SYS Sample configuration file supplied with FOS that can be used as a template for DTS configuration. node A computer that is part of a network. The DTC is also considered to be a node and has its own address. node address The node portion of an IP address, which consists of a node portion and a network portion. Node Management Services Configuration Manager See NMMGR. node name A character string that uniquely identifies each system in a network or internetwork. Each node name in a network or internetwork must be unique; however, a single node can be identified by more than one node name. node names list List defined on the OpenView workstation and subsequently downloaded to all DTCs for which it is the "owner." The list specifies all the HP 3000 Series 900 hosts on the LAN that are accessible from the DTCs. non-adjacent Describes a node on an NS Point-to-Point 3000/iX network that is separated from a given node by intervening or intermediate node. non-nailed device A session accepting device that is not permanently associated with an ldev number at configuration time. When the user at such a device logs on to a HP 3000 Series 900, an ldev is assigned from a pool of ldevs set aside for this purpose at configuration time. The association between a non-nailed device and this temporarily assigned ldev exists only for the duration of the session. One advantage of the use of non-nailed device connections is that configuration is simplified, since it is not required that each non-nailed device be individually configured. NS3000/iX A Hewlett-Packard data communication product that provides minicomputers. NS3000/iX consists of one or more links and network services. NS3000/iX Link Software and hardware that provides the connection between nodes on a network. Some of the NS3000/iX links available are the ThinLAN 3000/iX Link and its ThickLAN option, the DTC/X.25 iX Network Link, the NS Point-to-Point 3000/ iX Link, and the Token Ring 3000/iX Network Link. NS3000/iX Network Services Software applications that can be used to access data, initiate processes, and exchange information among nodes in a network. The services are RPM, VT, RFA, RDBA, and NFT. NS Point-to-Point 3000/iX Link Hardware and software necessary to create networks in which data is transmitted from node to node over a defined route until it reaches its destination. This technique is referred to as store and forward. Systems in a point-to-point network are connected by means of leased or dial-up telephone lines. HP 3000 systems attach to the point-to-point network via HP 3000 Programmable Serial Interface (PSI) cards that fit into the back of each system's SPU. NSDIR.NET.SYS Name of the active network directory file. See also network directory. octet An eight-bit byte operated upon as an entity. OpenView Admin An OpenView Windows program that enables you to configure how your OpenView Windows applications will function. For example, it enables you to set a default map for the OpenView DTC Manager. OpenView Draw An OpenView Windows program that enables you to draw the network map, and to label the components on it. OpenView DTC Manager OpenView Windows application that enables you to configure, control, monitor, and troubleshoot the operation of the Datacommunications and Terminal Subsystems on the LAN. OpenView Run An OpenView Windows program that covers most of the control features used by the DTC Manager, including monitoring and diagnostic functions. OpenView Windows The set of three programs: OV Admin, OV Draw and OV Run, running on the OpenView workstation under MS Windows, that acts as the platform for all OpenView applications, such as DTC Manager. OpenView Windows Workstation The personal computer that provides software downloads to enable operation of the Datacommunications and Terminal Controller (DTC). The configuration software that runs on this workstation is called the OpenView DTC Manager software. OSI model Open Systems Interconnection model. A model of network architecture devised by the International Standards Organization (ISO). The OSI model defines seven layers of a network architecture, with each layer performing specified functions. packet A block of data whose maximum length is fixed. The unit of information exchanged by X.25 at level 3. There are DATA packets and various control packets. A packet type is identified by the encoding of its header. Packet Exchange Protocol PXP. A transport layer protocol used in NS3000/iX links to initially establish communication between nodes when NetIPC socket registry is used. packet-switched network name The name of a data communication network adhering to the CCITT X.25 recommendation. This can be a PDN or a private network, such as the HP PPN. PAD (Packet Assembler/Disassembler) A device that converts asynchronous character streams into packets that can be transmitted over a packet switching network (PSN). PAD name A name of up to eight characters that is associated with a configured PAD device. The PAD name is known to both the DTC and the host systems that the device can access. PAD profile Terminal or printer profile that specifies the configuration characteristics for PAD-connected devices. PAD support A software module which can be downloaded to an X.25 board in a DTC. The software is used to manage connections with remote PAD devices. partner gateway half When gateway halves are used, two gateway halves are required in order to provide communication between two networks. Each is the partner of the other. path name When configuring with NMMGR, you can type a string in the COMMAND: field on display screens to branch to another screen. Each screen has a unique path name that corresponds to its location in the hierarchy of configuration screens presented by NMMGR. PDN Public Data Network. A data communication network whose services are available to any user willing to pay for them. Most PDNs use packet switching techniques. Point-to-Point A link that connects either two nodes in an NS Point-to-Point 3000/iX network or two gateway halves. port An outlet through which a device can be connected to a computer, consisting of a physical connection point and controlling hardware, controlling software, and configurable port characteristics. Ports can be thought of as data paths through which a device communicates with the computer. Precision Architecture The hardware design structure for the HP 3000 Series 900 computer family. printer name Character string of up to 16 characters specified in the DTC Manager configuration (for networks using OpenView Network Management) to define a printer by name. Can be shared by several printers (port pool). printer profile A set of configuration characteristics that can be associated with one or more printers through the NMMGR configuration. Printer profile specifications include the printer type, line speed, device class assignment, and other values relevant to printers connected through a DTC. printer type A collection of characteristics that cause a printer connected to a HP 3000 Series 900 system to act and react in a specified manner. You can configure a printer to use one of the system-supplied printer types or you can create custom printer types using workstation configurator. privileged mode A capability assigned to accounts, groups, or users allowing unrestricted memory access, access to privileged CPU instructions, and the ability to call privileged procedures. probe protocol An HP protocol used by NS3000/iX IEEE 802.3 networks to obtain information about other nodes on the network. probe proxy server A node on an IEEE 802.3 network that possesses a network directory. A probe proxy server can provide a node with information about other nodes on the same or other networks of an internetwork. profile A method of grouping device connection specifications and characteristics so that the set of characteristics can be easily associated with groups of like devices. See also printer profile, terminal profile. program captive device See programmatic device. Programmable Serial Interface PSI. A hardware card that fits into the backplane of the HP 3000 Series 900 computer. It provides a physical layer interface for NS Point-to-Point 3000/iX Links. programmatic device A device operating under control of a program running on a computer. Programmatic devices can be used for input, output, or both, depending on the device and how it is opened by the controlling program. protocol A set of rules that enables two or more data processing entities to exchange information. In networks, protocols are the rules and conventions that govern each layer of network architecture. They define what functions are to be performed and how messages are to be exchanged. PSN Packet-Switching Network. Any data communication network using packet- switching techniques wherein data is disassembled into packets at a source interface and reassembled into a data stream at a destination interface. A public PSN offers the service to any paying customer. PSS Packet-Switching System. The national public PSN of the United Kingdom. PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit. A permanent logical association between two physically separate DTEs that does not require call set-up or clearing procedures. PXP See Packet Exchange Protocol. Q bit Qualified bit. When set in DATA packets the Q bit signifies that the packet's user data is a control signal for the remote device, not a message for its user. QuickVal A software program that tests whether Network Services are operating correctly between nodes. RDBS Remote Data Base Access. A network service that allows users to access data bases on remote nodes. reachable network A network that can be accessed (with additional internet hops possibly required) by a particular gateway. remote connect device Asynchronous device that is connected to a DTC indirectly, using a modem and telephone hook-up, or a PAD. remote node A node on an internetwork other than the node you are currently using or referring to. retransmission count (N2) The maximum number of times a frame will be retransmitted following the expiration of the retransmission timer, T1. retransmission timer (T1) Length of time the transmitter will wait for an acknowledgment from the destination address before attempting to retransmit the frame. When choosing this value, factors like the line speed and maximum frame size should be taken into account. RFA Remote File Access. A network service that allows users to access files and devices on remote nodes. router network See Point-to-Point. routing The path that packets, or fragments of a message, take through a network to reach a destination node. RPM Remote Process Management. A network service that allows a process to programmatically initiate and terminate other processes throughout a network from any node on the network. RS-232-C Electronic Industries Association (EIA) level 1 protocol specification that defines electrical circuit functions for 25 connector pins. HP provides two implementations of this standard: a 3-pin version for direct connections up to a distance of 15 meters (50 feet), and a version which makes use of additional circuits and can be used for either modem or direct connections. RS-422 Electronic Industries Association (EIA) level 1 protocol specification implemented by HP in a 5-pin version which can be used for direct device connection up to a distance of 1500 meters (4000 feet). security string An alphanumeric character string that functions as a password for dial links. The security string is used by the dial IP protocol. serial device Any device that is attached to and communicates with a computer by means of a serial transmission interface. Terminals, printers, and plotters are among the devices that communicate serially with HP 3000 Series 900 computers. serial transmission Method of transferring data in which characters are transmitted one bit at a time and received one bit at a time in the order of transmission. This transmission scheme is employed by devices connected to the system via the DTC. session-accepting device A terminal or personal computer running in terminal-emulation mode that is able to establish an interactive (conversational) session with an HP 3000 computer. Also referred to as a logon device. +shared dial A dial link that provides connection to more than one remote system, although to only one at a time. shared-line access Feature that allows two or more HP 3000 Series 900 hosts to use the same DTC/X.25 Network Access card on a DTC to access an X.25 network. SIC Serial Interface Card. Card installed in the front of the DTC that acts as an interface between a corresponding connector card (CC) and the DTC's processor. slaved device A device that shares the same DTC port as another device and is connected to the other device, referred to as its master, by a cable. The actions of the slaved device are controlled by the master device. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. An industry standard for managing networked computers in a multi-vendor environment. SNMP agent A network node, such as a DTC, that is able to respond to SNMP requests. SNP Synchronous Network Processor card; an alternative name for an X.25 board. spooled device A printer that is accessed through the spooling facility. The spooling facility allows a nonsharable device to be shared among several users by temporarily storing output data on disk and managing the selection of output spool files destined for the spooled device. start bit Data bit used to signal the start of a character being transmitted in an asynchronous communication mode. station address A 12-digit hexadecimal link-level address used by the IEEE 802.3 protocol. Every node on an IEEE 802.3 network has its own station address. stop bit Data bit used to signal the end of a character being transmitted in an asynchronous communication mode. store and forward A technique in which messages are passed from one node to another in a network to reach their destination. Point-to-point networks use the store and forward technique to transmit messages. subnet Another name for a network, especially if the network is part of an internetwork. The word subnet is also a synonym for intranet. subnet mask Grouping of bits that determines which bits of the IP address will be used to define a subnetwork. The subnet mask is configured using the NMMGR utility and specified in the same format as an IP address. SVC Switched Virtual Circuit. Path through an X.25 network that is established at call set-up time. switching See DTC switching. Switching user interface User interface available when DTC switching is enabled that allows terminal users to choose the HP 3000 Series 900 computer with which they want to establish a communication link. synchronous A mode of operation or transmission whereby a continuous data stream is generated without intervals between characters. The data stream is synchronized by clock signals at the receiver and transmitter. As a result, fast transmission speeds (above 9600 bps) are attainable. SYSGEN The software program that allows you to configure the operating system on HP 3000 Series 900 computers. system configuration The way you tell the operating system what peripheral I/O devices are attached and what parameters are required for system operation. TCP See Transmission Control Protocol. telenet A proprietary public data network in the USA. Telnet Access Card (TAC) A card that resides in the DTC 48 and provides protocol conversion between Telnet and AFCP. Telnet Express See HP ARPA Telnet Express. TermDSM Terminal online diagnostic support manager. A utility that provides diagnostic services for DTC connections by means of a series of commands accessible through the SYSDIAG utility. TermDSM is used only when DTCs are managed by a host system. terminal name Character string of up to 16 characters specified in the OpenView DTC Manager configuration (for networks using OpenView Network Management) to define a terminal by name. May be shared by several terminals (pool port). terminal profile A set of configuration characteristics that can be associated with one or more terminals through the NMMGR configuration. Terminal profile specifications include the terminal type, line speed, device class assignment, and other values relevant to terminals connected through a DTC. terminal type A collection of characteristics that cause a terminal connected to an MPE system to act and react in a specified manner. You may configure a terminal to use one of the system-supplied terminal types, or you may create custom terminal types using the workstation configurator. ThinLAN A LAN media that conforms to the IEEE 802.3 Type 10 BASE 2 standard LAN. ThinLAN 3000/iX Link Hardware and software necessary to create a broadcast network, which uses the IEEE 802.3 LAN cable to transmit messages to all the nodes on the network. The messages are then accepted only by the node or nodes to which they are addressed. Also includes the ThickLAN and StarLAN 10 options. throughput class A value assigned to a given virtual circuit that defines how many network resources should be assigned to a given call. It is determined by the access line speed, packet and window sizes, and the local network's internal mechanisms. throughput class negotiation One of the network subscribed facilities defined at subscription time. This allows the user to negotiate the throughput class at call set-up time. timer (T3) Length of time that a link can remain in an idle state. After the expiration of the timer, the link is considered to be in a non-active, non-operational state and is automatically reset. The value should be chosen carefully. In particular, it must be sufficiently greater than the retransmission timer (T1) so that no doubt exists about the link's state. token ring A collection of data communication systems sharing a common cable and communicating by means of the IEEE 802.5 protocol. In a token ring network, access is controlled by the passing of a token from node to node. Outgoing messages are attached to the token and passed with the token until they arrive at the node to which they are addressed. Token Ring 3000/iX Network Link Hardware and software required to connect a HP 3000 Series 900 system to a token ring network. topology The physical arrangement of nodes in a network. Some common topologies are bus, star, and ring. Transmission Control Protocol TCP. A network protocol that establishes and maintains connections between nodes. TCP regulates the flow of data, breaks messages into smaller fragments if necessary (and reassembles the fragments at the destination), detects errors, and retransmits messages if errors have been detected. Transpac The national public PSN of France. transparent mode Data transfer scheme in which only a limited number of special characters retain their meaning and are acted on by the system. All other characters are considered to be data and are passed through with no control actions being taken. transport, network Software that corresponds to layers 3 and 4 of the OSI network architecture model. The function of this software is to send data out over the appropriate communications link, to receive incoming data, and to route incoming or outgoing data to the appropriate destination node. TTUTIL Also known as the Workstation Configurator. A program, TTUTIL.PUB.SYS, on the HP 3000 that is used to create and modify terminal and printer type files. Tymnet A proprietary public data network in the USA. typeahead A facility that allows terminal users to enter data before a read is actually posted to the terminal. UPS See uninterruptible power supply. unacknowledged frame number (K) The number of frames that can be transmitted without receiving an acknowledgment from the destination address. When this number (K) frame is reached, the same K frames are retransmitted. unedited mode See transparent mode. uninterruptible power supply A hardware device that protects equipment from power failures and contains an internal storage battery to supply reserve power. V.24 The CCITT recommendation that defines the function of the interchange circuits between a DTE and a DCE. validation The process of ascertaining whether the network transport configuration file has been correctly configured. In guided NMMGR, you do this by pressing the Validate Netxport key. VAN Value-Added Network. A data communication network that uses and pays for facilities belonging to another carrier. The value-added package is then sold to a user. VC See virtual circuit. virtual circuit A logical association between two physically separate DTEs. Virtual Terminal A network service that allows a user to establish interactive sessions on a node. VPLUS Software used to generate screens such as those displayed by NMMGR. V-Series (V.##) CCITT A set of CCITT recommendations related to data communication over a voice-grade telephone network. VT See Virtual Terminal. Workstation Configurator A utility (TTUTIL) that allows users to create customized terminal and printer types by entering data through a series of VPLUS screens. X.3 Defines the user facilities that should be internationally available from the packet assembler/disassembler (PAD) facility when this is offered by a public data network. X.21 Defines the physical interface between a DTE and a DCE of a public data network where the access to the network is made over synchronous digital lines. X.25 Defines the interface between a DTE and a DCE for packet mode operation on a public data network (PDN). X.25 address The X.25 address provided by the network administration if you are connected to a public data network (PDN). X.25 address key An X.25 address key is a label that maps a node's IP address to its X.25 address and its associated X.25 parameters. You have a combined maximum of 1024 X.25 address keys in the SVC and PVC path tables. X.25 LUG address X.25 address of a node belonging to a local user group (LUG). X.25 iX System Access The software that works in conjunction with the DTC/X.25 Network Access software to provide access to X.25. The software resides on an HP 3000 host and is configured through use of NMMGR. To configure access to an X.25 network, you must configure two software components: the X.25 iX System Access (residing on the HP 3000 host), and the DTC/X.25 Network Access. DTC/X.25 Network Access is configured through use of the OpenView DTC Manager software for systems using PC-based network management or through NMMGR for systems using host-based network management. X.29 Defines the interface for data exchange between a packet-mode DTE and a remote Packet Assembly/Disassembly (PAD) facility over a packet switching network. XON/XOFF protocol Flow control used by MPE/iX systems to protect against data overruns. XON/XOFF protocol is controlled by the data recipient who sends an XOFF character (ASCII DC3) to the sender if it is unable to continue to receive data. The sender suspends transmission until it receives an XON character (ASCII DC1). X.Series (X.##) CCITT recommendations A set of recommendations for data communication networks governing their services, facilities, and the operation of terminal equipment and interfaces.