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CREATING A KSAM FILE WITH A CALL TO FOPEN A KSAM file can be created with the >BUILD command of the KSAMUTIL program or it can be created programmatically through a call to the file system intrinsic FOPEN. Figure 5-1 contains a FORTRAN program that uses the intrinsic FOPEN to create and open a Ele, and the intrinsic FWRITE to write to the open file. It checks for errors with the FCHECK and FERRMSG intrinsics, and closes the file with a call to FCLOSE. The file is named FEXAMFIL and the associated key file is named FKEYFILE. Two keys are used, a primary key of 20 characters starting in byte 1 of each data record, and an alternate key of eight characters starting in byte 21 of the data record. The primary key contains a name, the alternate key a phone number (refer to the input data in Figure 5-1). DEFINING KSAMPARAM The parameter ksamparam describes the key file in an array that contains many different types of data (refer to Table 4-7). Because the data differs, the EQUIVALENCE statement is used to equate the word-array KSAMPARAMA to the byte-array KSAMPARAM to the double-word-array KSAMPARAMD. The keyfile name is in the first eight bytes and this is equivalenced to the beginning of the array. The key device is defined in word 7 of KSAMPARAMA, and the key descriptions begin in word 18. The flag word (word 17) has the octal value 2. This means that only bit 14 is set to 1. The flagword defines the following options for the KSAM file: bit 13 = 0 file is permanently saved in system directory bit 14 = 1 record numbers in file start with 1, not zero bit 15 = 0 records can be written in random order If you compare this ksamparam definition to that in the SPL sample program (Figure 4-5), you will note that the index values into the array differ. This is because, SPL arrays begin numbering with zero whereas FORTRAN arrays begin numbering with one. CALLING FOPEN In the FOPEN call, the first parameter is the KSAM file name that identifies the data file and the KSAM file as a whole. The second parameter specifies the file options (foptions) parameter as octal 4004:This defines the following file options: New KSAM file (bit 4=1) Allow :FILE (bit 5=0) Fixed-Length Records (bits 8,9=00) ASCII code (bit 13=1) New file (bits 14,15=00) _________________________________________________________________________________ | | | C*********************************************************************** | | C * | | C EXAMPLE 1 * * | | C BUILD A KSAM FILE * * | | C * | | ************************************************************************ | | SYSTEM INTRINSIC FOPEN,FCLOSE,FWRITE,FERRMSG,FCHECK | | INTEGER KSAMPARAMA(26) | | INTEGER KEYDESCRIPTION(8) | | CHARACTER KSAMPARAM(52) | | INTEGER*4 KSAMPARAMD(13) | | CHARACTER*8 KEYFILENAME | | CHARACTER*17 KEYDEVICEE | | EQUIVALENCE ((KSAMPARAMA,KSAMPARAM,KSAMPARAMD,KEYFILENAME) | | EQUIVALENCE (KEYDEVICE,KSAMPARAMA(7)) | | EQUIVALENCE (KSAMPARAMA(18),KEYDESCRIPTION) | | INTEGER FILNUM | | INTEGER LENGTH | | CHARACTER FILENAME*10 | | CHARACTER DEVICE*10 | | CHARACTER*72 INPUT | | LOGICAL OUTPUT(36) | | CHARACTER MESSAGE(72) | | EQUIVALENCE MESSAGEW(36) | | EQUIVALENCE (MESSAGE,MESSAGEW) | | EQUIVALENCE (INPUT,OUTPUT) | | DATA FILENAME/"FEXAMFIL "/ <---------- filename | | DATA DEVICE/"DISC "/ device | | DATA KEYDEVICE/"DISC "/ device | | DATA KEYFILENAME/"FKEYFILE" | | DATA KSAMPARAMD(3)/100J/ <-------------- file size | | DATA KSAMPARAMA(16)/2/ <---------------- flagword | | DATA KSAMPARAMA(17)/2/ <--------------------- no. of keys | | DATA KEYDESCRIPTION/%{4/1,12/20], 1,%[1/0,15/4],0, key | | 1 %[4/1,12/ 8],21,%[1/0,15/4], 0/ descriptions| | C*********************************************************************** | | C * | | C OPEN THE KSAM FILE * | | C * | | C*********************************************************************** | | FILNUM=FOPEN(FILENAME,*4004L,%101L,-72,DEVICE,KSAMPARAM,M, | | 1 ,10,,100J) | | IF (FILNUM .EQ. 0) GO TO 400 | _________________________________________________________________________________ Figure 5-1. Creating and Writing to KSAM File in FORTRAN _______________________________________________________________________________ | | | ************************************************************************| | C *| | C READ DATA FROM $STDIN *| | C *| | ************************************************************************| | 20 READ (5,300,END=30,ERR=40) INPUT | | ************************************************************************| | C *| | C WRITE THE DATA JUST READ TO THE KSAM FILE *| | C *| | C***********************************************************************| | 50 DISPLAY INPUT | | CALL FWRITE(FILNUM,OUTPUT,-72,%0L) | | IF (.CC.) 70,20,70 | _______________________________________________________________________________ Creating and Writing to KSAM File in FORTRAN ________________________________________________________________________________ | | | ************************************************************************| | C * | | C ERROR MESSAGE * | | C * | | C*********************************************************************** | | | | 70 STOP "ERROR OCCURRED WHILE WRITING KSAM FILE" | | 100 STOP "END OF JOB" | | 30 CALL FCLOSE(FILNUM,0,0) | | IF (.CC.) 33,100,33 | | 33 STOP "CAN NOT CLOSE THE KSAM FILE" | | 40 STOP "ERROR OCCURRED WHILE READING INPUT" | | 400 CALL FCHECK (FILNUM,IERRNUM) | | CALL FERRMSG (IERRNUM,MESSAGEW,LENGTH) | | WRITE(6,200) (MESSAGE(I),I=1,LENGTH) | | STOP "CAN NOT OPEN KSAM FILE" | | 300 FORMAT(A72) | | 200 FORMAT(1X,72A1) | | END | | | | Output from Program Execution: | | | | NOLAN JACK 923-4975 967 REED AVE. SUNNYVALE | | HOSODA JOE 227-8214 1180 SAINT PETER CT. LOS ALTOS | | ECKSTEIN LEO 287-5137 5303 STEVENS CREEK SANTA CLARA | | CARDIN RICK 578-7018 11100 WOLFE ROAD CUPERTINO | | PASBY LINDA 295-1187 TOWN & CNTRY VILLAGE SAN JOSE | | SEELY HENRY 293-4220 1144 LEBERTY ST. EL CERRITO | | ROBERT GERRY 259-5535 12345 TELEGRAPH AVE. BERLELEY | | TURNEWR IVAN 984-8498 22905 EMERSON ST. OAKLAND | | WHITE GORDON 398-0301 4350 ASHBY AVE. BERKELEY | | WESTEP ELDER 387-4598 1256 KINGFISHER ST. SUNNYVALE | | STOP END OF JOP | ________________________________________________________________________________ The next parameter defines the access options (aoptions) as the octal value 101:This defines the following access options: KSAM access expected bit 3=0) Exclusive access bits 8,9=01) No dynamic locking bit 10=0) Write only access bits 12-15=0001) A new file contains no information and is always opened for write access. Before accessing the file for reading or update, it must be reopened. Such an open specifies that the file is an old file in the foptions parameter. Depending on the type of access expected, aoptions can be omitted or can specify a particular access type.
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