HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
CHAR
Displays the contents of a file, record by record, in the form of
character symbols in ASCII code. CHAR displays character codes not
represented by symbols in ASCII code as decimal points.
Syntax
[ {HEX }]
;CHAR [;{HEXO }] [;NORECNUM] [;TITLE=title] [;LANG=language]
[ {OCTAL}]
Where:
OCTAL Displays octal codes. Refer to the description of
OCTAL in this section.
HEX Displays hexadecimal codes. Refer to the HEX
description in this section.
HEXO Displays the data in hexadecimal and the record
number in octal. Refer to the HEXO description in
this section.
NORECNUM Omits file identification information, record
numbers, and word offset numbers from the display.
title Is a character string to be used as the title of
the display. If the tofile is a printer, the title
is printed at the top of each page. Otherwise, the
title is written only once, at the beginning of the
tofile. The title may contain up to 62 characters,
but may not be broken to be continued on the
following line.
language Is the name or number of the language in which to
display character symbols. FCOPY uses the
character definition table associated with the
specified language. The default is NATIVE-3000.
For more information, refer to the Native Language
Support Reference Manual (32414-90001) for MPE V/E
or the Native Language Programmer's Guide
(32650-90022) for MPE XL.
File Attributes
The fromfile must have read access, and the tofile must have write
access. The tofile is normally a list device such as $STDLIST but it can
also be another device for intermediate storage. The record size for an
intermediate storage device should be the same as that of the list device
that will ultimately print the data, and must be equal to or greater than
60 bytes.
Operation
You can combine the CHAR function with the OCTAL, HEX, or HEXO functions,
one at a time, to display numerical codes as well as character symbols.
You may want to display numerical codes along with character symbols
when, for example, the output device to which you are copying
automatically upshifts lowercase characters, or when you encounter a disk
or magnetic tape file with unknown contents (refer to "Notes" below).
The tofile can be a printer, terminal, or an intermediate disk file. If
the tofile is a disk file, its records must be at least 60 bytes in
length.
If you do not specify NORECNUM and words are repeated in the file, FCOPY
suppresses the duplicate lines and displays a message in the form SAME TO
XXXX-1, where XXXX is in octal. If the entire record consists of the
same character, FCOPY displays at least one line of the repeated
character before printing the SAME TO message, as shown in the following
example. However, if all the characters are blanks in an ASCII file, or
zeros in a binary file, FCOPY displays only the SAME TO message.
Restrictions
You cannot combine CHAR with VERIFY, NEW, EBCDICOUT, EBCDIKOUT, or
BCDICOUT.
Notes
The FCOPY display functions that show both numeric codes and character
symbols are particularly useful because they let you examine the contents
of a file either at a terminal or in a printer listing.
Some devices are capable of displaying only uppercase Roman alphabetic
characters. When you copy to such a device, the device controller
automatically converts lowercase characters to uppercase. In such
instances, you may want to combine character and numerical display
functions to display the original character codes in addition to the
character symbols.
Example
In the following example, the CHAR and OCTAL functions have been combined
to show the correspondence between the two forms.
This combined command displays the contents of a file. CHAR suppresses
terminal recognition of such things as control sequences imbedded in the
file to which the terminal would otherwise be sensitive. Escape codes
and other nongraphic control characters are shown as dots, allowing you
to see the exact position within the file of all the displayable
characters. Refer to the CLEAR function for relevant information.
For example,
FCOPY FROM=DISPL;TO=;OCTAL;CHAR
HP32212A.03.24 FILE COPIER (C) HEWLETT-PACKARD CO. 1984
DISPL RECORD 0 (%0, #0)
00000: 047157 073440 065563 020164 064145 020164 064555 062440 Now is the time
00010: 063157 071040 060554 066040 063557 067544 020155 062556 for all good men
00020: 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040
00030: SAME:TO 000044-1
DISPL RECORD 1 (%1, #1)
00000: 052157 020143 067555 062440 072157 020164 064145 020141 to come to the
00010: 064544 020157 063040 072150 062440 070141 071164 074456 aid of the party.
00020: 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040
00030: SAME: TO 000044-1
DISPL RECORD 2 (%2, #2)
00000: 015446 062104 052150 064563 020154 064556 062440 064563 .&dBThis line is|
00010: 020165 067144 062562 066151 067145 062056 015446 062100 underlined..&d@
00020: 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040 020040
00030: SAME: TO 000044-1
EOF FOUND IN FROMFILE AFTER RECORD 2
3 RECORDS PROCESSED *** 0 ERRORS
END OF SUBSYSTEM