# IP Addressing

Unicast addressing: one sender to one receiver, and both addresses are unique

Broadcast addressing: one sender to all receivers

- Convention: all 1's or all 0's address in the subnet field.

- 255.255.255.255 never forwarded by routers

- Net-directed broadcast may be forwarded.

Multicast addressing: one sender to selected receivers

- Receivers must enter/leave the address group

- Class D addresses: 224-239. addresses with a 28-bit multicast group ID

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