Paper last modified: 2000-06-30
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                          Plug and Play POSIX
                                ---or---
                  How To Make POSIX Work on MPE/iX 5.5
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By: Michael D. Hensley
Date written: January 1997
Credits: A *lot* of this was stolen from HP3000-L posters; I tried to
   give credit where due -- but I'm willing to take the blame for any
   errors.  Use at your own risk.  Batteries not included.
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Conventions: commands preceeded by a ":" should be typed at the
   MPE/iX prompt; commands preceeded by a "$ " should be typed
   in the posix shell.

======================================================================

Contents
   A) Restore the HP-supplied HFS files, if they are missing
   B) Incorrect file permissions
   C) More incorrect file permissions
   D) Arrow keys in vi
   E) Modify your HPPATH
   F) Fix up your /etc/profile file

Note: A,B,C, and F are all fixed by MPE/iX 6.0; D and E are suggested
   changes, not fixes.

======================================================================

[This tip was supplied by John Dunlop]
A) Some sites are completely missing all of the HFS files (this is
   usually caused by an "incorrect" reload).

   From the MPE CI, try ":LISTFILE /bin/"; if no files are found,
   you will need to restore them from the FOS tape.

   1. Restore the following from the FOS tape:
      restore *t;@.hp36431.support,i0036431.usl.sys;create;show

   2. :STREAM I0036431.USL.SYS

   3. After I0036431 finishes,
      :STREAM SUPACCT.PUB.SYS

   All of the HP-supplied hfs files will be restored, and the
   directory structure and permissions set to the defaults.

   Note: if you just want to restore all hfs files on a backup tape,
         try ":RESTORE /-@.@.@;SHOW;KEEP;OLDDATE;CREATE".
         [Thanks to Gilles Schipper.]
======================================================================

B) The file permissions are wrong on a *lot* of files.  The first
   thing you will probably run into is the message
      Unknown terminal "hp2392a"
   in response to various commands (tput, tabs, vi...).  To fix
   this, log on with SM capability and do:
      :sh
      $ chmod -R 555 /usr/lib/terminfo

======================================================================

[The following was posted by Lars, used without permission]
C) There are still more, e.g. /usr/man for non-SM users...
   Here is a workaround (I stole it from the respective SR),
   that can be used to fixup those odd 5.5 permissions.

   1. Restore hfsfiles.hp36431.support from the FOS tape.  (This file
      will be used just to get a list of the files which we need to
      modify).

   2. :tobyte.hpbin.sys "hfsfiles.hp36431.support /tmp/tarfile"

   3. :SH.HPBIN.SYS -L

      shell/iX> for file in `tar tvf /tmp/tarfile 2>/dev/null |
      >         grep -v '^d' | cut -c 57- `
      >         do
      >         chmod 444 $file
      >         done
      shell/iX> exit

   NOTE: The quote which preceeds tar and follows 57- in the above
         command is the "backward" quote usually found as the top-left
         key on a keyboard and those surrounding the ^d are normal
         single quotes.

   4. :purge /tmp/tarfile
      :purge hfsfiles.hp36431.support
[Thanks, Lars!]

======================================================================

D) Ok, now how about those pesky arrow keys in vi?
[I stole this answer from Danny A. van Delft]
   Create a file  named .exrc, which contains the following:

   :map ^V^[U ^V^F
   :map ^V^[V ^V^B
   :map ^V^[B j
   :map ^V^[A k
   :map ^V^[C l
   :map ^V^[D h
   :map ^V^[h 1G
   :map ^V^[F G
   :map ^V^[Q i
   :map ^V^[P x

   Note that ^V stands for <ctrl>V and ^[ for <esc>, all literal. You
   need the ^V to tell ex that the next character should taken
   literal, not interpreted.  (And the leading ":" has nothing to do
   with MPE here.)
[Thanks, Danny!]

======================================================================

E) Add "HPBIN.SYS" to your path:
      :SETVAR HPPATH=HPPATH+",HPBIN.SYS"
   (You need to add this to your OPTION LOGON UDC.)

   Also, optionally
      :SETCATALOG HPPXUDC.PUB.SYS;SYSTEM;APPEND
   for a few handy UDC's.

======================================================================

F) Finally, fix up your /etc/profile file (which gets executed
automatically whenever anyone invokes the shell):

[The attributions on this one are complex, but I stole it from
 Jeff Kell; on 24-SEP-98,]

All of this is fixed (and even improved) in MPE/iX 6.0.  If you
implement the changes as shown, and put any additional local
customizations you like in /etc/profile.local, then after the
installation of MPE/iX 6.0 overwrites your /etc/profile, it will
still continue to work!

If you don't own QEDIT (why not?), I hope you can use 'vi' to edit
bytestream files (if not, that's an experience in itself)... anyway...

First, the revised /etc/profile, suitable for cut-and-pasting into your
favourite text editor:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin
#   (Change #1)
export MANPATH=${MANPATH:-/usr/local/man:/usr/man:}
#   (Change #7)
export PS1='shell/iX> '
#   (Change #2)
export TERM=${TERM:-hp2392a}
#   (Change #3)

export ENV=$HOME/.environ
export LOGNAME=`logname`
export TZ=${TZ:-EST5EDT}
export MAILPATH=/usr/mail/$LOGNAME
export MAILCHECK=180
if [ "$HPHGROUP"  = "" ] ; then
   export HISTFILE=${HISTFILE:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPGROUP/.sh_history}
else
   export HISTFILE=${HISTFILE:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPHGROUP/.sh_history}
fi
#export HOME=$PWD
if [ "$HPHGROUP"  = "" ] ; then
   export HOME=${HOME:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPGROUP}
else
   export HOME=${HOME:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPHGROUP}
fi
#   (Change #8)

alias -x copy="callci copy"
alias -x listf="callci listfile"
alias -x listgroup="callci listgroup"
alias -x listuser="callci listuser"
alias -x df="callci discfree d"
alias -x ll="ls -l"
#   (Change #5)

#tput clear
tabs
cat /etc/motd
#   (Change #6)

umask 7
set -o ignoreeof
export HPSHELLINT=1
#   (Change #8)

if [ -r /etc/profile.local ] ; then
   . /etc/profile.local
fi
#   (Change #9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Here are the contents of /etc/profile.local:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
export PS1='$PWD $ '
#   (see Change #2 note)

# No need to set TZ; we do a :SETVAR TZ "PST8PDT" in a system-wide
# OPTION LOGON UDC and the shell picks it up automagically.

alias qedit="/ROBELLE/PUB/QEDIT"
alias lclint="/usr/local/bin/lclint"

# 97/08/22 mdh added for GNU
#alias -x make="/usr/local/bin/make"
#export CC=gcc
#export MAKE=/usr/local/bin/make

# 97/09/24 mdh added for JAVA
export SYSNAME="hp3000"
export MANPATH="/usr/man:/usr/contrib/man:/usr/local/man"
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/latest/bin
export THREADS_FLAG=green
export CLASSPATH=.:/usr/local/java/latest/lib/classes.zip
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/java/latest/lib/PA-RISC/green_threads

------------------------------------------------------------------------


Here are the details on the changes noted above:

-----change #1-----
# set up the default path to include only the .2 utilities and the
# current directory
export PATH='/bin:.'
             ^^^^^^
If you are using Gnu/gcc/perl/etc., you can take Mark Klein's earlier
suggestion of aliasing make to the Gnu make and adding /usr/local/bin
after /bin above yielding

export PATH='/bin:/usr/local/bin:.'

or you can avoid the alias by putting /usr/local/bin first (sort of the
HPPATH idea of system stuff last, not first -- this is what MPE/iX 6.0
does) for

export PATH='/usr/local/bin:/bin:.'

Many would argue that the trailing '.' is unnecessary/dangerous, and I
rather agree (if you want to execute something locally, you have to
'./foo' instead of 'foo' but so what).  Let's go on...

-----Change #2-----
# Set up the default user prompt.
export PS1='shell/iX> '
                   ^^^
Stan (I think) previously pointed out that a '>' in the prompt string
can bite you with an HP terminal should you hit 'enter' rather than
'return' :-) If you leave it, at least add a

set -o noclobber

to avoid messes.

-----Change #3-----
# default for the term variable is the supported HP terminal
# definition. NOTE: the only supported terminal definitions are
# 'hp2392a' and 'ansi'. All other definitions are provided as
# user-supported software only!
export TERM='hp2392a'

Gee, what if you are a vt100?  Our logon UDC determines TERM (well, it
can find an HP terminal; if that test fails we assume vt100) so I
would change this line to:

export TERM=${TERM:-hp2392a}

This will retain the current value of TERM if it is defined, otherwise
it takes the default value of 'hp2392a'.

-----Change #4-----
# Set the following variable to the appropriate value for the timezone
# you are in. Refer to the timezone manual page in section 5 of the
# reference manual for more information.
export TZ=GMT0
          ^^^^
I dislike that one terribly.  Most of you 'should' be setting TZ
already since C/iX used this for times, and now COBOL post85 functions
do also. Using the same logic as #3, change to:

export TZ=${TZ:-EST5EDT}

Since the MPE routines dependent on TZ now 'default'
to EST if TZ isn't set this mimics MPE behavior (but of course you'd
want to use your own timezone). I'm trying to keep this "generic"
enough for HP to apply to the FOS (hint...)


-----Change #5-----
# Define a number of aliases for common MPE/iX commands
alias -x copy="callci copy"
alias -x listf="callci listfile"
alias -x listgroup="callci listgroup"
alias -x listuser="callci listuser"
alias -x df="callci discfree d"

These are useful I guess, and you can expand as much as you like; but
what is really missing is:

alias -x telnet="/SYS/ARPA/TELNET"
alias -x ftp="/SYS/ARPA/FTP"
alias -x mover="/TELESUP/PRVXL/MOVER"
   (or where ever you put your copy)

[from Michael Hensley]
And another one that Unix users are really irritated not to have is:

alias -x ll="ls -l"

-----Change #6-----
# Clear the screen, set the tab stops and print out the message of the
# day Note - if your system is using terminal types other than the
# default HP2392a, the clear will not work properly since sends codes
# to clear the screen based on the setting of TERM
tput clear
tabs
cat /etc/motd

OK, for those of you that don't like the screen cleared, delete or
comment out the 'tput clear'.  You pretty much need the tabs.

If you don't like that banner remove or comment out 'cat /etc/motd'. And
if you want a banner but would like to make your own, edit /etc/motd and
put in whatever you like.

-----Change #7-----
This is an additional line; you can put it up with #1 or anywhere else
in the file.  If you're using Gnu/perl/etc, you will need to set
MANPATH to look in the man pages directory for Gnu.  Add the line:

export MANPATH=${MANPATH:-/usr/local/man:/usr/man:}

-----Change #8-----
[Added by me, Michael Hensley]
The following are all from the MPE/iX 6.0 /etc/profile:

umask 7
set -o ignoreeof
export HPSHELLINT=1

export ENV=$HOME/.environ
export LOGNAME=`logname`

# Set up variables so that the shell will check for mail in
# /usr/mail/$LOGNAME every 3 minutes
export MAILPATH=/usr/mail/$LOGNAME
export MAILCHECK=180

#export HOME=$PWD
#The line above is being replaced with the following (don't ask -- if
#you must know, wait and read the comments in the MPE/iX 6.0
#/etc/profile).

if [ "$HPHGROUP"  = "" ] ; then
   export HISTFILE=${HISTFILE:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPGROUP/.sh_history}
else
   export HISTFILE=${HISTFILE:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPHGROUP/.sh_history}
fi

if [ "$HPHGROUP"  = "" ] ; then
   export HOME=${HOME:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPGROUP}
else
   export HOME=${HOME:-/$HPACCOUNT/$HPHGROUP}
fi
export ENV=$HOME/.environ

-----Change #9-----
Finally, the neat new thing (which also comes from MPE/iX 6.0):

# (new) if /etc/profile.local exists then execute it.  This file should
# only contain site specific profile changes.
if [ -r /etc/profile.local ] ; then
   . /etc/profile.local
fi

The idea is that, starting with MPE/iX 6.0, you shouldn't make changes
to /etc/profile anymore; instead, put your local customizations into the
file /etc/profile.local.  This way, HP can replace /etc/profile without
wiping out your local customizations!


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Now pick up copies of GNU C++, Apache, Perl, Python, Java, Samba,
and have fun!

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